Sampling Methods

Question 1

What is the target population?

Answer 1

The group of people that the researcher wishes to generalise their findings to.

Question 2

What are the 5 types of sampling methods?

Answer 2

Opportunity sampling.
Random sampling.
Stratified sampling.
Systematic sampling.
Volunteer sampling.

Question 3

What is opportunity sampling?

Example:

Answer 3

Whoever is there (in the vicinity) at the time of the study.

Whoever is at the park at 7.

Question 4

What are two advantages to opportunity sampling?

Answer 4

QUICK AND EASY - Not a lot of planning needed.

LOW DROP OUT RATE - If they don’t want to be there, they won’t be.

Question 5

What is one disadvantages to opportunity sampling?

Answer 5

REALLY LOW POPULATION VALIDITY - very bias sample.

Question 6

What is random sampling?

Example:

Answer 6

Everyone from the target population has a fair and equal chance of being picked.

Taking the name of everyone in your taget population and randomly generating 100 people.

Question 7

What is the main rule when using random sampling?

Answer 7

At each point in the picking process, everyone needs to have the same chance.

Question 8

What are two advantages to random sampling?

Answer 8

BEST POPULATION VALIDITY.

NO BIAS - there is no way of being bias.

Question 9

What are two disadvantages to random sampling?

Answer 9

NOT VIABLE IF LARGE POPULATION, way too hard to carry out.

THEY MAY NOT BE WILLING.

Question 10

What is stratified sampling?

Answer 10

Subgroups within a population are identified, then ppts are chosen from each group in proportion to their occurrence in the population.

Question 11

What is one advantage to stratified sampling?

Answer 11

HIGH POPULATION VALIDITY, should represent well.

Question 12

What are two disadvantages to stratified sampling?

Answer 12

DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS - you may have to provide a bit of detail in order for them to participate.

TIME CONSUMING - you have to go on the street and get people from different places.

Question 13

What is systematic sampling?

Example:

Answer 13

A system used to choose.

Every 10th person from the target population.

Question 14

What are two advantages to systematic sampling?

Answer 14

BEST POPULATION VALIDITY.

NO BIAS.

Question 15

What are two disadvantages to systematic sampling?

Answer 15

NOT VIABLE IF LARGE TARGET POPULATION - way too hard to carry out.

THEY AMY NOT BE WILLING.

Question 16

What is volunteer sampling?

Example:

Answer 16

You advertise your study, participants come to you.

Details on a strip to take.

Question 17

What are three advantages to volunteer sampling?

Answer 17

VERY LITTLE EFFORT - for the experimenter.

WILLING.

NOT MANY DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS - you do not need to tell ppts the aims.

Question 18

What are two disadvantages to volunteer sampling?

Answer 18

DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS - you will get all the keen people.

RISKY - too many people, not enough, if you advertise that you will give money, you must.