BPS Ethical Guidlines Flashcards
What needs to take place to investigate behaviour?
Research on humans.
When have the BPS guidelines been around since?
1980 - be careful saying unethical before this.
Where do the BPS guidelines apply?
Britain - be careful saying unethical outside of here.
How do we word it when a study isn’t done in Britain or is done before 1980?
Not relevant because we can’t repeat it here.
What are the 6 guidelines?
Informed Consent (and other types) Privacy. Deception. Protection from harm. Right to withdraw. Confidentiality.
What is an acronym to remember all of the guiltiness?
Clever People Do Home Work Creatively.
C = Consent. P = Privacy. D = Deception. H = Harm (protection from). W = Withdraw (right to). C = Confidentiality.
When should informed consent be given by participants?
Prior to the study.
What do you need for children to ensure the informed (and other types of) consent guideline is met?
Parental consent, and consent from children old enough to understand the study.
What are the three types of consent?
Retrospective.
Presumptive.
Prior-general.
What is retrospective consent?
3 points.
Getting fully-informed consent after the study.
The ppts can withdraw at any time.
The ppts will be cautious.
What is presumptive consent?
Asking someone who knows the ppts or someone similar if they would be OK.
What is prior-general consent?
Giving a very general briefing.
What do you need to consider (disadvantages) to having to get consent?
Demand characteristics.
Privacy - where should observations/field ops/natural ops be carried out?
Only in public places where people would expect to be seen by strangers.
How do you deal with the issue of privacy?
Just don’t do it.
What is deception?
2 points.
No lies, however there may be some situations where deception is unavoidable. e.g when you need the ppts to remain naive.
How should you deal with the issue of the deception guideline?
Ppts must be told immediately afterwards and given the chance to withdraw their data from the study.
Deception - What is it called when you tell people afterwards what the aims of the study were (if you held this from them at the start)?
Debriefing.
What is protection from harm?
2 points
Ppts should be protected from extreme damaging/lasting physical or psychological harm.
Cost/benefit analysis used.
How do you deal with the issue of protection to harm?
Ensure that ppts know that they have the right to withdraw.
What is the right to withdraw?
Ppts should always be aware that they have the right to leave the study at any time (regardless or not payment has been offered).
Why do you still have to pay someone if the withdraw without completing the study?
They have the right to withdraw whether or not payment has been offered.
What is the building regarding confidentiality?
2 points.
Keep all information confidential.
A guarantee of anonymity for the participants of the study.
Confidentiality - What may happen if you do not promise anonymity?
The ppts may not act naturally or may not take part.
What is an example of how you can deal with the guideline of confidentiality?
Use numbers instead of names.
What are one way you can deal with ethical issues?
Cost-benefit analysis.
Who are cost-benefit analysis’ used by?
Ethics committees.
What is cost-benefit analysis?
A systematic approach to estimating the policies or negatives in potential research.
What is an ethics committee?
A group of people within a research institutions that must approve a study before it begins. They wright up the costs and benefits of a study.
What are the 4 points of the BPS Code of Ethics and Conduct?
1 - Respect.
2 - Competence.
3 - Responsibility.
4 - Integrity.
What is respect?
BPS Code of Ethics and Conduct
The dignity and worth of all persons.
They are the important ones.
What is competence?
BPS Code of Ethics and Conduct
Psychologists should maintain high standards in their professional work.
Looking professional so it feels professional.
What is responsibility?
BPS Code of Ethics and Conduct
For their participants and the science of psychology.
What is integrity?
BPS Code of Ethics and Conduct
Psychologists should be honest and accurate.
