Salasche CH1 Topographic Anatomy Flashcards
Fixed surface landmarks help locate key underlying anatomic structures
T
Two most important landmarks are the MID pupillary line and posterior border to the masseter muscle
F, anterior border
The temporal nerve, as it crosses zygomatic arch, and the marginal mandibular nerve along the jaw line are most vulnerable of the facial nerve
T
The sternocleidomastoid muscle divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles
T
The bony orbital margin is easily palpated and is composed of roughly equal contributions of the FRONTAL, ZYGOMATIC and MAXILLARY bones
T
Lateral orbital margin is formed by the frontal bone
F, zygomatic bone
Buccal fat pad fills out the area beneath the malar eminence, giving cheek its fullness
T
Malar eminence is formed by the prominence of the buccal fat pad
F - it is formed by the zygomatic arch
Zygomatic arch becomes less visible with elderly patients
F, more visible
Zygomatic arch is formed by the union of the TEMPORAL process of the zygomatic bone and the ZYGOMATIC process of the temporal bone
T
Zygomatic arch serves as an attachment point for some of the muscles of facial expression and for the masseter muscle - a muscle of mastication
T
Can feel masseter muscle under zygomatic arch by clenching teeth
T
Superficial temporal artery exits the parotid gland at the level of the external auditory meats along with the superficial temporal vein and auriculotemporal nerve (V3)
T
Can feel pulsation of superficial temporal artery in pre auricular groove at level of zygomatic arch
T
With individual sitting and looking straight ahead, vertical line dropped down midpupillary line will intersect 3 important foramina
T - supraorbital, infraorbital, mental
Supraorbital nerve is a branch of the first division of the trigeminal nerve
T
The canine fossa is a depression in the MAXILLA above the canine tooth
T
All 3 foramina in the mid pupillary line lie about 2.5cm from the midline
T
Stensen’s duct extends medially from the gland in a straight line across the masseter muscle where it can be palpated as a CORD or TUBE against the clenched muscle
T
Stensen’s duct enters the mouth at the level of the upper second molar
T
Facial artery enters face at the upper border of the jaw
F, lower border
What does injury to the temporal branch of the facial nerve cause?
Ipsilateral inability to wrinkle the forehead or raise the eyebrow
Temporal nerve may be approximately projected onto the skin by a line drawn from 0.5cm below Travis to a point 1.5 to 2cm above teh lateral eyebrow
T
Where is the greatest area of vulnerability of the temporal nerve
Draw a line connecting the tragus to the highest wrinkle on the forehead, and another line from the same point on the earlobe to the most lateral aspect of the brow
Marginal mandibular branch is covered only by skin and SC fat but not fascia
F, also covered by fascia
Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve exits the parotid gland at angle of the jaw
T
Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve exits the parotid gland at about the angle of the jaw and is present on the external surface of the masseter muscle in this area - this is where it may be vulnerable to damage
T
Complications of transecting the spinal accessory nerve at Erb’s point
winged scapula chronic Shoulder pain Drooped shoulder Paraesthesia of the arm Inability to abduct arm beyond 80 degrees Wasting of the trapezius muscle
