BOLOGNA CH107 Malignant Skin Tumours

Question 1

Which gene is mutated in patients with basal cell naevus syndrome

Answer 1

PTCH1

Question 2

Features of Gorlin Syndrome

Answer 2

Palmar pits, calcification of falx cerebri, bifid ribs,
Odontogenic keratolysis, macrocephaly, medulloblastoma, ovarian fibromas, cardiac fibromas, bridging of sella turcica, sprengel deformity

Question 3

Intermittent, recreational sun exposure is a less important risk factor than cumulative UV radiation in development of BCC

Answer 3

F, other way around

Question 4

BCC appears to have the capacity for infinite growth

Answer 4

T

Question 5

BCC can spontaneously regress

Answer 5

F = this is not a feature of BCC

Question 6

BCC devoid of stroma failed to proliferate and differentiated into keratin filled cysts in an experiment

Answer 6

T

Question 7

Cumulative UV radiation received over time is a significant risk factor is a significant risk factor for SCC

Answer 7

T

Question 8

There is a strong correlation between tumour thickness and metastases of SCC

Answer 8

T

Question 9

Alterations in TP53 gene are the most common genetic abnormalities found in actinic keratoses, SCC in situ , invasive SCC

Answer 9

T

Question 10

keratoacanthomas of Muir Torre Syndrome are more genetically stable than sporadic KA’s

Answer 10

False, other way around

Question 11

Ferguson Smith Syndrome is autosomal recessive, due to mutations in TGFBR1 gene

Answer 11

F, autosomal dominant

Question 12

Increased risk of SCC but not BCC for those exposed to artificial UV sources

Answer 12

F, both

Question 13

Naevus sebaceous predisposes to BCC but not SCC

Answer 13

Table 108.2

False, both

Question 14

Porokeratosis , particularly linear, predisposes to SCC but not BCC

Answer 14

T

Question 15

Specific HPV subtypes act as co-carcinogens in conjunction with UVR in the early development of SCC

Answer 15

T

Question 16

List risk factors for skin cancer in transplant recipients

Answer 16

Skin photo types I/II
Cumulative sun exposure
Age at transplantation
Degree and length of immunosuppression

Question 17

Transplant recipients are prone to developing numerous lesion and more likely to suffer local/regional recurrences and metastases

Answer 17

T

Question 18

Which HPV strains can be seen in tumours from transplant recipients?

Answer 18

Those that occur in benign warts (HPV1, 2)
EV (HPV-5 and others)
High risk oncogenic warts (HPV types 16, 18)
Low risk oncogenic genital warts (HPV 6, 11)

Question 19

Patients who receive haematopoietic transplants experience the same increase in skin cancer as solid organ

Answer 19

F, due to shorter duration of immunosuppression hypothesised

Question 20

What is verrucous carcinoma

Answer 20

Rare, well differentiated variant of SCC occurring in middle aged and older adults

Question 21

Subtypes of verrucous carcinoma

Answer 21

1. Epithelioma Cuniculatum (plantar surface of the foot)
2. Giant condyloma acuminata of genitalia (Buschke-Lowenstein tumour)
3. Oral florid papillomatosis (oral mucosa)

Question 22

Distinguishing between large wart or condyloma acuminatum can be difficult

Answer 22

T

Question 23

Verrucous carcinoma often metastasises

Answer 23

F , do not usually metastasise but often recur after attempted removal