Routes, Airways, Charts Flashcards
Airways
paths of the sky in controlled airspace
Air routes
paths in the sky in uncontrolled airspace
Low-level airway
Route within low-level airspace
From 2200ft AGL up to, but not including 18000ft ASL
VHF/ UHF airways
Airways from 1 VOR/ VORTAC to another
Indicate by letter V, known as Victor airways
VOR
VHF omnidirectional range station
VORTAC
VOR that also has a tactical air navigation beacon (TACAN)
VHF/ UHF airway dimensions
4NM on either side of the airway centreline to a distance of 51NM from VOR
then within lines that diverge at 4.5 degrees until they meet similar lines form adjacent NAVAID
LF/ MF airways
Airways extend from 1 non-directional beacon (NDB) to another
LF/ MF airway dimensions
4.34 NM on either side of the airway centreline to a distance of 50NM from NDB
within lines that diverge at 5 degrees from NDB until they meet similar lines form adjacent NAVAID
Combination VHF/ UHF and LF/ MF airways
Extend between VOR/ VORTAC and an NDB
Dimensions of combination VHF/ UHF and LF/ MF aiways
4.34NM on either side of the airway centreline to a distance of 50NM from NDB
within lines that diverge at 5 degrees from NDB until they meet similar lines from adjacent NAVAID
(same as LF/MF airways)
Dimensions of combination VHF/ UHF and LF/ MF aiways
4.34NM on either side of the airway centreline to a distance of 50NM from NDB
within lines that diverge at 5 degrees from NDB until they meet similar lines from adjacent NAVAID
(same as LF/MF airways)
T-route
Fixed low-level controlled RNAV route
Requires GNSS and RNAV systems for use
Dimensions of T-route
10NM on either side of the centreline
Does not splay
Low-level air route
Route within low-level uncontrolled airspace
ATC service is not provided
L-Routes
Fixed RNAV routes that requires RNAV and GNSS systems for use
(in low-level uncontrolled airspace)
High-level airway
Prescribed track between specified fixes in controlled high-level airspace
Indicated by letter J, known as jet airways
Q-route
High-level fixed RNAV routes
Require an RNAV system with performance capabilities currently met by GNSS/ DME/ IRV (inertial reference unit) systems
Types of minimum IFR altitude
Minimum obstacle clearance altitude
Minimum enroute altitude
Minimum sector altitude
Minimum vectoring altitude
Safe altitude 100NM
Area minimum altitude
Transition altitude
Minimum reception altitude
MOCA
Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude
provide IFR obstacle clearance
MEA
Minimum enroute altitude
allows reception of an acceptable navigational signal from a NAVAID & provides terrain clearance
MSA
Minimum sector altitude
Lowest altitude that provides a minimum clearance of 1000ft (under standard temp. & pressure) within a 25NM radius
MVA
Minimum vectoring altitude
Lowest altitude for vectoring aircraft by ATC that meets obstacle clearance & radio coverage
Safe altitude 100NM
Lowest altitude that provide a minimum clearance of 1000ft above all obstacles within 100NM of an aerodrome
AMA
Area minimum altitude
Lowest altitude that provides a minimum vertical clearance of 1000ft above all obstacles located in the area specified
Transition altitude
Highest altitude at which the vertical position of the aircraft is express in ft, above it position is expressed at a flight level
MRA
Minimum reception altitude
Lowest altitude ASL at which acceptable navigational signal coverage is received
SIDs
Standard instrument departures
3D IFR routes produced to expedite safe & efficient flow of air traffic
STARs
Standard terminal arrivals
3D IFR routes produced to expedite safe & efficient flow of air traffic
2 types of SID
Pilot navigation SIDs
(pilot is required to use SID chart as reference for navigation)
Vector SIDs
(ATC will provide navigational guidance (vectors) to an assigned route)
6 commonly used charts
VFR aeronautical charts
Canada Air Pilot
Terminal charts
Enroute low altitude charts
Enroute high altitude charts
Canada Flight Supplement
Charts that can be obtained in VFR aeronautical charts
VTAs (VFR Terminal Area Charts)
VNCs (VFR Navigation Charts)
WACs (World Aeronautical Charts)
VTAs
VFR Terminal Area Charts
Provide detailed info for VFR pilots operating in busy terminal areas
VNCs
VFR Navigation Charts
Provide navigation info to pilots during enroute portion of VFR flight
WACs
World Aeronautical Charts
Used for flight planning and in-flight naviation on cross-country flights at low to medium altitudes & medium to high airspeed
Cover larger area than VNCs with less detail
CAP
Canada Air Pilot
Provide aeronautical info related to IFR arrival/ departure phases of flight
Includes: Instrument approach procedures/ SIDs/ STARs/ noise abetment procedures/ visual approaches
Terminal Charts
Enroute charts for IFR pilots with navigational info in busy terminal environments (ex. YVR)
LO charts
Enroute low altitude charts
Provide navigation info for IFR flights in low-level airspace (up to but not including 18 000 ASL within CDA)
HI charts
Enroute high altitude charts
Provide pilots with navigational info for higher altitudes (18 000 ASL & above)
CFS
Canada Flight supplement
Contains info on Canadian & N Atlantic aerodromes, used for planning & safe conduct of air operations
Methods of representing chart scales
In words
As a fraction
As a graduated line
