Root of Neck Flashcards
Boundaries of root of neck
- Anterior is manubrium of sternum
- Lateral is first rib
= Posterior is body of first thoracic vertebrae
Scalene muscles are considered to be…
Accessory respiratory muscles
Scalene muscles actions
Ipsilateral tilting of the neck and elevation of the first two ribs
Does the subclavian vein course anterior or posterior to the anterior scalene muscle?
Anterior
Does the subclavian artery course anterior or posterior to the anterior scalene muscle?
Posterior
What structure is in in between the anterior scalene and middle scalene muscles?
Branches of brachial plexus
Interscalene triangle
The space between the anterior and middle scalene muscles
Pre-vertebral musculature
All the muscles that insert into the vertebrae instead of the ribs
Phrenic nerve
Comes from the cervical plexus and goes along the anterior part of the anterior scalene muscle
Where is the phrenic nerve trying to go?
Towards thoracic cavity to get to diaphragm
Phrenic nerve function
Allows us to breathe
Where is the vagus nerve located?
- In carotid sheath
- Medial to phrenic nerve
- Next to internal jugular v. and common carotid a
Right recurrent laryngeal nerve branches from…
Vagus nerve
Right recurrent laryngeal nerve goes to the…
Larynx
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve branches from…
Branches from the vagus nerve in the thoracic cavity, near heart
What groove does the left recurrent laryngeal nerve pass through?
Tracheoesophageal groove
Tracheoesophageal groove
Groove with the trachea and esophagus
Sympathetic trunk location
Located in the plane posterior to the carotid sheath and anterior to pre-vertebral musculature
Sympathetic source
Thoracic and lumbar regions
Parasympathetic source
Craniosacral system
The cervical ganglia is included in the…
Sympathetic trunk
Which pathway is a 2 neuron pathway
Autonomic motor innervation
Preganglionic neurons are located in the…
CNS
Preganglionic neurons project their axons into…
Autonomic ganglia in the PNS
Postganglionic neurons are located in the
PNS
Postganglionic neurons project their axons to…
The target structure, such as a gland, smooth muscle, etc.
Steps of sympathetic division are…
- Preganglionic sympathetic neurons in the T1-L2
- Sympathetic chain
- Postganglionic sympathetic neurons in the superior cervical ganglion
- Periarterial plexuses
- Target structures in the head like glands, smooth muscle, etc
Subclavian artery supplies the…
Supplies head, brain, neck, and thorax
The subclavian artery changes to the axillary artery at the…
Armpit
What are the 4 major branches of the subclavian artery?
- Internal thoracic
- Thyrocervical
- Vertebral artery
- Costocervical trunk
Internal thoracic artery
Goes to the chest wall structures
Thyrocervical artery
Goes upward, branches come off of this but do not need to name them
Vertebral artery
Immediately goes into the openings in the cervical vertebrae
What are the two main arterial suppliers of the brain?
Internal carotid artery and vertebral artery
Costocervical trunk
Going the ribs and cervical area
Subclavian vein joins with the internal jugular vein to form…
The brachiocephalic vein
Thoracic duct
Returns lymph from most of the body into venous circulation
Where is the thoracic duct located?
- Left venous angle
- Corner of the left internal jugular and left subclavian veins
