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DHBS 301 > Pterygopalatine Fossa > Flashcards

Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the pterygopalatine fossa located?

A

Deep to infratemporal region

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2
Q

What is in the pterygopalatine fossa?

A
  • CN V2
  • Third part of maxillary artery
  • Pterygopalatine ganglion
  • Nerves that go too and from ganglion
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3
Q

What is the pterygomaxillary fissure?

A

Space between the pterygoid plate of sphenoid and posterior part of maxilla

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4
Q

What goes through the pterygomaxillary fissure?

A

Maxillary artery from the infratemporal fossa to the pterygopalatine fossa

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5
Q

What is the inferior orbital fissure?

A
  • Groove in the maxilla
  • Goes to the floor of the orbit roof of the maxillary sinus
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6
Q

What is the sphenopalatine foramen?

A
  • Body of sphenoid meets notch in palatine
  • Goes to the nasal cavity
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7
Q

What is the pharyngeal canal?

A
  • Located at the junction of the posterior and medial walls of the fossa
  • Goes to the nasopharynx and auditory tube
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8
Q

What is the pterygoid canal?

A
  • Located behind the base of the sphenoid sinus
  • Goes to the nasal cavity
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9
Q

What is the foramen rotundum?

A

How CN V2 enters the pterygopalatine fossa from the middle cranial fossa

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10
Q

Maxillary artery

A

Goes from the infratemporal fossa, to the pterygomaxillary fissure, to the pterygopalatine fossa

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11
Q

How does the posterior superior alveolar nerve exit the pterygopalatine fossa to enter the infratemporal fossa?

A

Pterygomaxillary fissure

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12
Q

What enters the posterior superior alveolar canals/foramina?

A

Posterior superior alveolar nerve

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13
Q

What does the posterior superior alveolar nerve supply?

A
  • Maxillary sinus
  • Alveolar process to supply posterior maxillary teeth
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14
Q

How does the infraorbital artery leave the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Inferior orbital fissure

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15
Q

What branches from the infraorbital artery

A
  • Orbital branches
  • Anterior superior alveolar artery
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16
Q

What does the infraorbital foramen supply? What foramen does it go through to do this?

A
  • Face
  • Infraorbital foramen
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17
Q

Orbital branches

A

Small branches to the orbit

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18
Q

What does the anterior superior alveolar artery supply?

A
  • Maxillary sinus
  • Alveolar process near incisors
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19
Q

How does the descending palatine artery leave the pterygopalatine fossa>

A

Palatine canal

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20
Q

What does the descending palatine artery branch into?

A
  • Greater palatine artery
  • Lesser palatine artery
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21
Q

What foramen does the greater palatine foramen go through? What does it supply?

A
  • Greater palatine foramen
  • Hard palate
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22
Q

What does the greater palatine artery anastomoses with? Where?

A
  • Nasopalatine artery
  • Through the incisive foramen
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23
Q

What foramen does the lesser palatine foramen go through? What does it supply?

A
  • Lesser palatine foramen
  • Soft palate
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24
Q

What branches from the sphenopalatine artery?

A
  • Lateral posterior nasal arteries
  • Medial posterior nasal arteries
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25
Q

What foramen does the sphenopalatine artery exit?

A

Sphenopalatine foramen

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26
Q

Where does the lateral posterior nasal arteries go?

A

Lateral nasal wall

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27
Q

Where does the medial posterior nasal arteries go?

A

Ramify on septum

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28
Q

After giving rise to two branches, the sphenopalatine artery continues alongside what nerve?

A

Nasopalatine nerve

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29
Q

Where does the pharyngeal artery go through? To supply what?

A
  • Pharyngeal canal
  • Supplies the nasopharynx
30
Q

What does the artery of the pterygoid canal supply?

A

Auditory tube, middle ear, and pharynx

31
Q

Is CN V2 motor or sensory?

32
Q

What ganglion does CN V2 pass through in the cavernous sinus?

A

Semilunar ganglion

33
Q

What foramen does CN V2 leave the middle cranial fossa?

A

Foramen rotundum

34
Q

Where does CN V2 distribute it’s branches?

A

Pterygopalatine fossa

35
Q

What nerve is not always present?

A

Middle superior alveolar nerve

36
Q

What does the posterior superior alveolar nerve innervate?

A
  • Maxillary sinus
  • Maxillary molars
  • Adjacent vestibular gingiva
37
Q

What is the exception that the posterior superior alveolar nerve does not innervate?

A

Mesiobuccal root of 1st molar

38
Q

What does the middle superior alveolar nerve innervate?

A
  • Maxillary sinus
  • Maxillary premolars
  • Mesiobuccal root of 1st molar
  • Adjacent vestibular gingiva
39
Q

What does the anterior superior alveolar nerve innervate?

A
  • Maxillary sinus
  • Maxillary incisors and canines
  • Adjacent vestibular gingiva
40
Q

What nerve passes through the pterygomaxillary fissure into the infratemporal fossa?

A

Posterior superior alveolar nerve

41
Q

What does the zygomaticofacial nerve innervate? What does it go through?

A
  • Sensory to skin of face
  • Goes through the zygomaticofacial foramen
42
Q

What does the zygomatic nerve pass through?

A

Inferior orbital fissure

43
Q

What does the zygomaticotemporal nerve innervate? What does it go through

A
  • Sensory to skin of face and temple
  • Goes through zygomaticotemporal foramen
44
Q

What type of fibers does the communicating branch carry?

A

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers

45
Q

What does the communicating branch arise from?

A

Zygomatic nerve

46
Q

What does the communicating branch extend to?

A

Lacrimal branches of CN V1

47
Q

What innervates the lacrimal gland?

A

Communicating branch

48
Q

What does the pterygopalatine nerve connect?

A

Main trunk of the maxillary nerve to the pterygopalatine ganglion

49
Q

Sensory fibers from CN V2 that provide sensory innervation to the nose, palate, tonsil, and gingiva pass through…

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion, but does not synapse

50
Q

Is the pharyngeal nerve motor or sensory?

51
Q

Where does the pharyngeal nerve course?

A

Pharyngeal canal to the posterior nasopharynx to the auditory tube

52
Q

Superior lateral posterior nasal branches provide…

A

Sensory innervation to the lateral wall of nasal cavity

53
Q

Medial posterior nasal branches provide…

A

Sensory innervation to the nasal septum

54
Q

The nasopalatine nerve provides…

A

Sensory innervation to the nasal septum and palatal mucosa adjacent to the maxillary incisors and canines

55
Q

What is in the palatine canal?

A
  • Descending palatine artery
  • Greater palatine nerve
  • Lesser palatine nerve
56
Q

What does a posterior superior alveolar nerve block do?

A

Numb maxillary molars, except mesial side of 1st molar and vestibular gingiva

57
Q

What does a middle superior alveolar nerve block do?

A

Numb maxillary premolars and part of 1st molar and vestibular gingiva

58
Q

What does an anterior superior alveolar nerve block do?

A
  • Numbs incisors, canines, premolars, and adjacent gingiva
59
Q

Where does the needle go for a maxillary nerve block?

A

Pterygopalatine fossa

60
Q

Paresthesias

A

Abnormal sensation or tingling

61
Q

Hypoesthesias

A

Diminished sensation

62
Q

The deep petrosal nerve conveys…

A

Sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion

63
Q

The greater petrosal nerve conveys…

A

Parasympathetic and taste fibers from the brain

64
Q

What unites to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal?

A
  • Dep petrosal nerve
  • Greater petrosal nerve
65
Q

Taste sensation is conveyed by the…

A
  • Greater petrosal nerve, CN V2
  • Nerve of the pterygoid canal
  • Greater palatine nerve
  • Lesser palatine nerve
66
Q

Cell bodies of taste neurons are located in the…

A

Geniculate ganglion

67
Q

Where does the greater petrosal nerve convey parasympathetic innervation to?

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion

68
Q

Sympathetic innervation is conveyed to…

A
  • Superior cervical ganglion
  • Prearterial plexus
  • Deep petrosal nerve
  • Nerve of the pterygoid canal
69
Q

The maxillary nerve carries what kind of fibers?

A
  • Postganglionic paraysmpathetic
  • Postganglionic sympathetic

DHBS 301 (21 decks)

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