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DHBS 301 > Pre-Class Reading Assignment for TBL 1 > Flashcards

Pre-Class Reading Assignment for TBL 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerves are part of the CNS or PNS?

A

PNS

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2
Q

Most of the cranial nerves emerge from where on the brainstem?

A

Ventral aspect

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3
Q

What are functional components?

A

General sensory, special sensory, visceral sensory, general motor, visceral motor

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4
Q

What are fiber components

A

Sensory only, motor only, mixed nerves

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5
Q

What are the three organization locations of the brainstem?

A

Midbrain, pons, and medulla

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6
Q

CN I, olfactory nerve functional components

A

Special sensory

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7
Q

CN II, optic nerve functional components

A

Special sensory

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8
Q

CN III, oculomotor nerve functional components

A

General motor and visceral motor

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9
Q

CN IV, trochlear nerve functional components

A

General motor

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10
Q

CN V, trigeminal nerve functional components

A

General sensory and general motor

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11
Q

CN VI, abducens nerve functional components

A

General motor

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12
Q

CN VII, facial nerve functional components

A
  • General sensory
  • Special sensory
  • General motor
  • Visceral motor
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13
Q

CN VIII, vestibulocochlear nerve functional components

A

Special sensory

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14
Q

CN IX, glossopharyngeal nerve functional components

A
  • General somatic
  • Special sensory
  • Visceral sensory
  • General motor
  • Visceral motor
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15
Q

CN X, vagus nerve functional components

A
  • General sensory
  • Special sensory
  • Visceral sensory
  • General motor
  • Visceral motor
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16
Q

CN XI, accessory nerve functional components

A

General motor

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17
Q

CN XII, hypoglossal nerve functional components

A

General motor

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18
Q

Nerves with fiber components of sensory only

A
  • CN I, olfactory nerve
  • CN II, Optic nerve
  • CN VIII, vestibulocochlear nerve
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19
Q

Nerves with fiber components of motor only

A
  • CN III, oculomotor nerve
  • CN IV, trochlear nerve
  • CN VI, abducens nerve
  • CN XI, accessory nerve
  • CN XII, hypoglossal nerve
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20
Q

Nerves with fiber components of mixed nerves

A
  • CN V, trigeminal nerve
  • CN VII, facial nerve
  • CN IX, glossopharyngeal nerve
  • CN x, vagus nerve
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21
Q

Nerves that originate from the midbrain

A
  • CN III, oculomotor nerve
  • CN IV, trochlear nerve
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22
Q

Nerves that originate from the pons

A
  • CN V, trigeminal nerve
  • CN VI, abducens nerve
  • CN VII, facial nerve
  • CN VIII, vestibulocochlear nerve
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23
Q

Nerves that originate from the medulla

A
  • CN IX, glossopharyngeal nerve
  • CN x, vagus nerve
  • CN XI, accessory nerve
  • CN XII, hypoglossal nerve
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24
Q

What is the demarcation between the anterior and posterior cervical triangles?

A

SCM

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25
Q

What forms the posterior edge of the posterior cervical triangle?

A

Trapezius muscle

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26
Q

What are the borders of the anterior cervical triangle?

A
  • Body of the mandible
  • SCM
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27
Q

What does the hyoid bone do?

A
  • Forms a base for the tongue
  • Suspends the larynx
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28
Q

Does the hyoid bone articulate with any other bone?

A

No

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29
Q

How is the hyoid bone suspended?

A

Only by musculature and ligaments

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30
Q

Laryngeal prominence

A
  • Thyroid cartilage comes to a point
  • Adam’s apple
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31
Q

Cricothyroid membrane importance

A
  • Safe area to form emergency tracheostomy
  • To relieve a potentially fatal airway blockage
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32
Q

Platysma muscle

A
  • Superficial muscle
  • Contributes to facial expression
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33
Q

Platysma muscle origin?

A

Lower margin of the mandible

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34
Q

Platysma muscle insertion?

A

Skin of the neck

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35
Q

What artery goes through the submandibular gland?

A

Facial artery

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36
Q

What forms the floor of the mouth?

A
  • Mylohyoid muscle
  • Mandible
  • Digastric muscle
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37
Q

The submandibular glands wraps around what muscle?

A

Mylohyoid muscle

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38
Q

What is enclosed in the carotid sheath?

A
  • Vagus nerve
  • Common carotid artery
  • Internal jugular vein
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39
Q

Ansa cervicales

A

Loop of nerve that come from the cervical plexus

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40
Q

The ansa cervicales innervates…

A
  • Motor innervation to infra hyoid muscles
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41
Q

What infra hyoid muscle is not innervated by the ansa cervicales?

A

Thyrohyoid muscle

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42
Q

The root of the ansa cervicales “piggybacks” what nerve?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

43
Q

What are the borders of the posterior cervical triangle?

A
  • SCM
  • Trapezius muscle
  • Clavicle
44
Q

Trapezius origin?

A

Superior nuchal lines and external occipital protuberance

45
Q

Trapezius insertion?

A
  • Scapula
  • Clavicle
46
Q

Trapezius action?

A

Elevate shoulder

47
Q

SCM origin?

A
  • Sternum
  • Clavicle
48
Q

Muscles in the posterior cervical triangle?

A
  • SCM
  • Trapezius
  • Inferior belly of the omohyoid
  • Splenius
  • Levator scapulae
  • Scalene muscles
48
Q

SCM insertion?

A
  • Mastoid process of the temporal
49
Q

What plexus can be seen in the posterior cervical triangle?

A

Brachial plexus

50
Q

The accessory nerve (CN XI) innervates which muscles?

A
  • Trapezius
  • SCM
51
Q

What are some of the branches of the cervical plexus to mediate sensation in the head and neck?

A
  • Transverse cervical nerve
  • Great auricular nerve
  • Lesser occipital nerve
  • Supraclavicular nerves
52
Q

What are the important visceral structures in the root of the neck?

A
  • Thyroid and parathyroid glands
  • Trachea
  • Esophagus
53
Q

Muscles that are in the root of the neck include…

A
  • Splenius captious muscle
  • Levator scapulae muscle
  • Scalene muscles
  • Prevertebral muscles
54
Q

Interscalene triangle

A

Between middle and anterior scalene muscle

55
Q

Important nervous structures found in the root of the neck include…

A
  • Vagus nerve
  • Phrenic nerve
  • Sympathetic chain w/cervical ganglia
  • Parts of the brachial plexus
56
Q

Where do the recurrent laryngeal branches come from?

A

Vagus nerve

57
Q

What structure does the right laryngeal nerve loop around?

A

Right subclavian artery

58
Q

What structure does the left laryngeal nerve loop around?

A

Goes inferiorly to loop around the aortic arch

59
Q

What nerve innervates the anterior scalene muscle?

A

Phrenic nerve

60
Q

Sympathetic trunk is located…

A
  • Behind carotid sheath
  • Anterior surface of the vertebrae
61
Q

What is in the cervical sympathetic ganglia

A

Cell bodies of sympathetic neurons

62
Q

Muscles of facial expression insert into…

A

Skin

63
Q

Facial nerve provides motor innervation to…

A

Muscles of facial expression

64
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

Result to damage to the facial nerve

65
Q

The trigeminal nerve mediates…

A

General sensory cutaneous innervation to the face

66
Q

CN V1

A

Ophthalmic division

67
Q

CN V1 foramen

A

Supraorbital foramen

68
Q

What nerve comes from the ophthalmic division of CN V1?

A

Supraorbital nerve

69
Q

What does the supraorbital nerve innervate, generally speaking?

A

Skin of the forehead and scalp

70
Q

What nerve comes from maxillary division of CN V2?

A

Infraorbital nerve

71
Q

CN V2

A

Maxillary division

72
Q

CN V2 foramen?

A

Infraorbital foramen

73
Q

What does the infraorbital nerve innervate, generally speaking?

A

Skin of the upper lip and cheek

74
Q

What nerves comes from the mandibular division of CN V3?

A
  • Mental nerve
  • Long buccal nerve
75
Q

CN V3

A

Mandibular division

76
Q

What does the mental nerve innervate, generally speaking?

A

Skin of the lower lip, chin, and jaw

77
Q

What foramen does the CN V3 go through?

A

Mental foramen

78
Q

Is the long buccal nerve sensory or motor?

A

Sensory branches

79
Q

What would damage to the CNV cause?

A

Numbness in the affected areas of the face without affecting movement

80
Q

CNV

A

Long buccal nerve

81
Q

Do some branches of the mandibular division convey motor fibers?

A
  • Yes
  • Specifically those who supply muscles for mastication
82
Q

What is the largest muscle of mastication?

A

Temporalis muscle

83
Q

What is the largest salivary gland?

A

Parotid gland

84
Q

What structure does the parotid gland wrap around?

A

Posterior border of the ramus of the mandible

85
Q

Parotid duct goes through what muscle?

A

Buccinator muscle

86
Q

Where does the parotid duct enter the oral cavity?

A

Opposite to the second maxillary molar

87
Q

What foramen does the facial nerve go through?

A

Stylomastoid foramen

88
Q

What nerve goes through the parotid gland?

A

Facial nerve

89
Q

What does external carotid artery divides into at the bed of the parotid gland

A
  • Superficial temporal artery
  • Maxillary artery
90
Q

What artery does the transverse facial artery come from?

A

Superficial temporal artery

91
Q

Where does the maxillary artery come from?

A

External carotid artery

92
Q

What forms the retromandibular vein?

A
  • Maxillary veins
  • Superficial temporal vein
93
Q

What does the retromandibular vein drains into?

A

External jugular vein

94
Q

What are the four muscles of mastication?

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis muscle
  • Medial pterygoid muscle
  • Lateral pterygoid muscle
95
Q

Masseter origin?

A

Zygomatic arch

96
Q

Masseter insertion?

A
  • Lateral aspect of the coronoid process
  • Ramus of the mandible
97
Q

Masseter action?

A

Elevate mandible

98
Q

Masseter innervation?

A

Masseteric nerve from the CN V3

99
Q

Temporalis muscle origin

A
  • Temporal fossa
  • Temporal lines
100
Q

Temporalis insertion?

A

Coronoid process of the mandible

101
Q

Temporalis action?

A

Elevate mandible, retract mandible

102
Q

Temporalis innervation?

A

Anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves

DHBS 301 (21 decks)

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