Introduction to the Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Diaphysis

Answer 1

Shaft

Question 2

Epiphysis

Answer 2

Proximal and distal ends

Question 3

Temporomandibular joint

Answer 3

Articulation between the mandible and the temporal bone

Question 4

Coronal suture

Answer 4

Frontal and parietal bones meet

Question 5

Gomphosis joints

Answer 5

Formed by the articulation between the root of a tooth and the alveolar process of the maxilla or mandible

Question 6

How are joints characterized?

Answer 6

• Shape and structural components
• Level of stability
• Range of motion

Question 7

Pivot

Answer 7

Uniaxial, rounded process of bone fits into a bony ligamentous socket, permitting rotation

Question 8

What type of joint is the atlanto-axial joint?

Answer 8

Pivot

Question 9

Ball and socket

Answer 9

Multiaxial, rounded head fits into a concavity, permitting movement of several axes

Question 10

Plane

Answer 10

Usually uniaxial, permit the gliding or sliding movements

Question 11

Hinge

Answer 11

Uniaxial, permit flexion and extension only

Question 12

Saddle

Answer 12

Biaxial, saddle shaped head permits movement in two different planes

Question 13

Condyloid

Answer 13

Biaxial, permit flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, and circumduction

Question 14

Condyle

Answer 14

Smooth articular area, round or flat

Question 15

Head

Answer 15

Rounded articular surface

Question 16

Foramen

Answer 16

Passage/opening through a bone

Question 17

Fossa

Answer 17

Hollow or depressed area

Question 18

Line

Answer 18

Linear elevation

Question 19

Notch

Answer 19

Indentation at edge of bone

Question 20

Process

Answer 20

Projection of bone

Question 21

Protuberance

Answer 21

Projection of bone

Question 22

Tuberosity

Answer 22

Large, rounded projection of bone

Question 23

Tubercle

Answer 23

Small projection of bone

Question 24

Crest

Answer 24

Ridge of bone

Question 25

Fissure

Answer 25

Groov, cleft, furrow

Question 26

Facet

Answer 26

Flattened area for articulation

Question 27

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 27

Articulation between the sternum and clavicle forms the point of articulation between the axial skeleton and the upper extremity

Question 28

Sacroiliac joint

Answer 28

Articulation between the sacrum and hip bone forms the point of articulation between axial skeleton and the lower extremity

Question 29

Belly

Answer 29

Red contractile portion of the muscle

Question 30

Tendon

Answer 30

Attaches the muscle to a bone

Question 31

Origin

Answer 31

Fixed attachment

Question 32

Insertion

Answer 32

Moves with contraction

Question 33

Action

Answer 33

Contraction of a muscle, described relative to the joint or body part moved

Question 34

Agonist

Answer 34

- Prime mover - Muscle that contracts to produce a particular movement

Question 35

Synergist

Answer 35

Muscle assists the agonist in performing its action

Question 36

Antagonist

Answer 36

Muscle oppose those of the agonist