Orbit and the Eye Flashcards
What bones make up the lateral wall of the orbit?
- Sphenoid
- Zygoma
- Frontal
What bones make up the medial wall of the orbit?
- Ethmoid
- Lacrimal
- Maxilla
- Frontal
Where is the optic canal located?
Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
What goes through the optic foramen?
- CN II
- Ophthalmic artery
What goes through the superior orbital fissure?
- CN III
- CN IV
- CN V1
- CN VI
- Ophthalmic vein
Where is the superior orbital fissure located?
Gap in between the greater and lesser wing of the sphenoid
The lacrimal connects…
The orbit to the nasal cavity
What opening does the lacrimal have?
Opening for nasolacrimal canal
Eyelid/palpebrae function
- Protect and lubricate the eye
- Stabilize the eye
Conjunctiva is a…
Mucous membrane
Conjunctiva location
Covers the front surface of the globe of the eye
What nerve mediation to the surface of the eye?
CN V1, ophthalmic division
Orbicularis oculi muscle action
Muscle of facial expression
Orbicularis oculi muscle innervation
CN VII, facial nerve
Orbicularis oculi muscle, orbital portion
Closes the eye
Orbicularis oculi muscle, palpebral portion
Blinks the eye
Orbicularis oculi muscle, lacrimal portion
Promotes drainage of tears into the nasolacrimal duct
Superior and inferior tarsal plates
- Give shape and strength to the eyelid
- Provides a point of attachment for muscles to attach
Levator palpebrae superioris muscle action
Elevates the superior tarsal plate
Palpebral ligaments and the orbital septum provide…
Structural support to the tarsal plates and anchor them to the rim of the orbit
Tarsal glands
Produces an oily substance that creates a lipid barrier for tear fluid
Lacrimal gland flow
Lacrimal gland
Lacrimal puncta
Lacrimal canaliculi
Lacrimal sac
Nasolacrimal duct
Nasal cavity
What is the site of tear production?
Lacrimal gland
Lacrimal gland visceral parasympathetic innervation?
Facial nerve, CN VII
Cornea and lens function
Refract incoming light rays, focuses them onto the retina
Pupil
Light enters the eye here
What nerve innervates the pupil?
Optic nerve, CN II, conveys impulse to brain
Sclera
White of the eye, protective
Lateral rectus action
- Abduction
- Lateral rotation
Lateral rectus innervation
Abducens nerve, CN VI
Medial rectus action
- Adduction
- Medial rotation
Medial rectus innervation
Oculomotor nerve, CN III
Superior rectus action
- Elevate
- Adduction
Superior rectus innervation
Oculomotor nerve, CN III
Inferior rectus innervation
Oculomotor nerve, CN III
Inferior rectus action?
- Elevation
- Adduction
Superior oblique action
- Depression
- Abduction
Superior oblique innervation
Trochlear nerve, CN IV
Inferior oblique innervation
Oculomotor nerve, CN III
Diplopia
Double vision
What can damage to the extra ocular muscles or their nerves cause?
- Blurred vision
- Double vision
Where do the superior, inferior, medial, and lateral recti muscles originate?
Annulus tendineus
Where is the annulus tendinous located?
Spans the superior orbital fissure
Sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve, ophthalmic division CN V1
Supratrochlear nerve
Supraorbital nerve
Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Long and short ciliary nerves
Nasociliary nerve
Anterior ethmoid nerves
Posterior ethmoid nerves
Trigeminal ganglion has…
Cell bodies of sensory neurons
Where does the ophthalmic artery branch from?
Internal carotid artery
Where does the ophthalmic artery go through?
Optic foramen
What veins drain the orbit?
- Superior ophthalmic veins
- Inferior ophthalmic veins
Where do the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins drain into?
Cavernous sinus
Pupil constriction
Parasympathetic
Pupil dilation
Sympathetic
Ciliary body is made of…
Smooth muscle
Ciliary body function
Control the curvature of the lens
The ciliary ganglion is a…
Parasympathetic ganglion
Ciliary ganglion location
Behind the eye
What caries information to the ciliary ganglion?
Short ciliary nerves
Parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary gland can come from the….
Oculomotor nerve
Structures course within the cavernous sinus
Internal carotid artery
CN III
CN IV
CN V1
CN V2
CN VI
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Clot that obstructs the cavernous sinus vein
