Rogers: Person-Centered Theory Flashcards
this theory is built on the scaffold provided by experiences as a therapist (Rogers)
client/person-centered therapy
is a tendency for all matter, both organic and inorganic, to evolve from simpler to more complex forms (Rogers)
formative tendency
the tendency within all humans (and other animals and plants) to move toward completion or fulfillment of potentials
is the only motive people possess (Rogers)
actualizing tendency
It includes such basic needs as food, air, and safety; but it also includes the tendency to resist change and to seek the status quo (Rogers)
need for maintenance
(Rogers) The need to become more, to develop, and achieve
growth is called?
is seen in people’s
willingness to learn things that are not immediately rewarding
are expressed in a variety of forms, including curiosity, playfulness, self-exploration, friendship, and confidence that one can achieve psychological growth
enhancement
(Rogers) is a subset of the actualization tendency and is therefore not synonymous with it
is the tendency to actualize the self as perceived in awareness
self-actualization
(Rogers) includes all those aspects of one’s being and one’s experiences that
are perceived in awareness (though not always accurately) by the individual
self-concept
(Rogers) defined as one’s view of self as one wishes to be
the second subsystem of the self
the ideal self
(Rogers) what does a wide gap between the ideal self and the self-concept indicate?
incongruence and an unhealthy personality
what are the processes necessary to becoming a person? (Rogers)
contact —> positive regard —> positive self-regard
(Rogers) is the minimum experience necessary for becoming a person
contact, whether it be positive or negative
a need to be loved, liked, or accepted by another person (Rogers)
positive regard
(Rogers) a discrepancy between a person’s self-concept and aspects of their experience
incongruence
(Rogers) defined as the experience of prizing or valuing one’s self
positive self-regard
(Rogers) experiences and behaviors are perceived as acceptable only if they meet with approval from others
conditions of worth
(Rogers) the protection of the self-concept against anxiety and threat by the denial or distortion of experiences inconsistent with it
defensiveness
(Rogers) behavior is still consistent with the self-concept, but the self-concept has been broken and thus the behavior appears bizarre and confusing
disorganization
(Rogers) what are the 4 barriers to psychological health?
conditions of worth, incongruence, defensiveness, and disorganization
Our perceptions of other people’s view of us are called? (Rogers)
external evaluations
what are the two chief defenses (Rogers)
distortion and denial
with this chief defense, we misinterpret an experience in order to fit it into some aspect of our self-concept (Rogers)
distortion
with this chief defense, we refuse to perceive an experience in awareness, or at least we keep some aspect of it from reaching symbolization (Rogers)
denial
exists when a person’s organismic experiences are matched
by an awareness of them and by an ability and willingness to openly express these feelings (Rogers, 1980)
congruence
what is unconditional positive regard? (Rogers)
the need to be liked, prized, or accepted by others without any conditions or qualifications
what are the three conditions for psychological growth? (Rogers)
congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathic listening
what does empathy mean for Rogers?
it means temporarily living in the other’s life, moving about in it delicately without making judgments
what is the basic outcome of client-centered counseling? (Rogers)
a congruent client who are open to experiences and who have no need to be defensive
