Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Question 1

was built on the assumption that social and cultural conditions, especially childhood experiences, are largely responsible for shaping personality.

Answer 1

psychoanalytic social theory

Question 2

the three fundamental styles of relating to others (horney)

Answer 2

1. Moving toward people
2. Moving against people
3. Moving away from people

Question 3

a neurotic’s idealized self-image is expressed as

Answer 3

1. neurotic search for glory
2. neurotic claims
3. neurotic pride

Question 4

how does Horney define basic anxiety

Answer 4

a feeling of being isolated and helpless in a world conceived as potentially hostile

Question 5

a feeling of being isolated and helpless in a world conceived as potentially hostile

Answer 5

basic anxiety

Question 6

four general ways that people protect themselves against this feeling of being alone in a potentially hostile world (horney)

Answer 6

affection, submissiveness, striving for power,prestige or possession, withdrawal

Question 7

a strategy that does not always lead to authentic love.

In their search for _____, some people may try to purchase love with self-effacing compliance, material goods, or
sexual favors

Answer 7

affection

Question 8

This protective device states that neurotics may submit themselves either to people or to institutions such as an organization or a religion.

Neurotics who submit to another person often do so in order to gain affection

Answer 8

submissiveness

Question 9

is a defense against the real or imagined hostility of others and
takes the form of a tendency to dominate others

Answer 9

power

Question 10

is a protection against humiliation and is expressed as a tendency to humiliate others

Answer 10

prestige

Question 11

acts as a buffer against destitution and poverty and manifests itself as a tendency to deprive others

Answer 11

possession

Question 12

Neurotics frequently protect
themselves against basic anxiety either by developing an independence from others or by becoming emotionally detached from them

Answer 12

withdrawal

Question 13

the 10 categories of neurotic needs

Answer 13

1. The neurotic need for affection and approval
2. The neurotic need for a powerful partner
3. The neurotic need to restrict one’s life within narrow borders
4. The neurotic need for power
5. The neurotic need to exploit others
6. The neurotic need for social recognition or prestige
7. The neurotic need for personal admiration
8. The neurotic need for ambition and personal achievement
9. The neurotic need for self-sufficiency and independence.
10. The neurotic need for perfection and unassailability

Question 14

what are the three neurotic trends?

Answer 14

1. moving toward people
2. moving against people
3. moving away from people

Question 15

how does Horney conceptualize moving toward people

Answer 15

does not mean moving toward them in the spirit of genuine love. Rather, it refers to a neurotic need to protect oneself against feelings of helplessness

they desperately strive for affection and approval of others, or they seek a powerful partner
who will take responsibility for their lives

Question 16

how does Horney conceptualize the strategy of moving AGAINST people

Answer 16

aggressive people take for
granted that everyone is hostile

Neurotically aggressive people are just as compulsive as compliant
people are, and their behavior is just as much prompted by basic anxiety. Rather than
moving toward people in a posture of submissiveness and dependence, these people
move against others by appearing tough or ruthless. They are motivated by a strong
need to exploit others and to use them for their own benefit. They seldom admit their mistakes and are compulsively driven to appear perfect, powerful, and superior.

Question 17

what are the five neurotic needs incorporated in the neurotic trend of moving
against people

Answer 17

the need to be:
1. powerful
2. exploit others
3. receive recognition and prestige
4. admired
5. achieve

Question 18

This strategy is an
expression of needs for privacy, independence, and self-sufficiency

THE DETACHED PERSONALITY

Answer 18

moving away from people

Question 19

is an attempt to solve conflicts by painting a godlike picture of oneself

Answer 19

the idealized self-image

Question 20

is an interrelated yet
equally irrational and powerful tendency to despise one’s real self

Answer 20

self-hatred

Question 21

three aspects of the idealized image

Answer 21

1. neurotic search for glory
2. neurotic claims
3. neurotic pride

Question 22

what are the three other elements present in the neurotic search for glory

Answer 22

1. the need for perfection
2. neurotic ambition
3. the drive toward a vindictive triumph

Question 23

refers to the drive to mold the whole personality into
the idealized self

Answer 23

need for perfection

Question 24

They try to achieve perfection by erecting a complex set of “shoulds” and “should nots.”

WHAT DID HORNEY REFER TO THIS AS?

Answer 24

tyranny of the should

Question 25

may be disguised as a drive for achievement or success, but “its chief aim is to put others to shame or defeat them through one’s very success; or to attain the power . . . to inflict suffering on them—mostly of a humiliating kind”

Answer 25

drive toward a vindictive triumph

Question 26

grow out of normal needs and wishes, but they are quite different.

When normal ______ are not fulfilled, people become understandably frustrated; but when _______ are not met, neurotics become indignant, bewildered, and unable to comprehend why others have not granted their claims

Answer 26

neurotic claims

Question 27

what is the difference between normal desires and neurotic claims?

Answer 27

Most people near the end of the line might wish to be up front, and some of them may even try some ploy to get a better position. Nevertheless, these people know that they don’t really deserve to cut ahead of others.

Neurotic people, on the other hand, truly believe that they are entitled to be near the front of the line, and they feel no guilt or remorse in moving ahead of others

Question 28

a false pride based not on a realistic view of the true self but on a spurious image of the idealized self

Answer 28

neurotic pride

Question 29

how is neurotic pride different from healthy pride or realistic self-esteem

Answer 29

Genuine self-esteem is based on realistic attributes and accomplishments and is generally expressed with quiet dignity.

Neurotic pride,
on the other hand, is
based on an idealized
image of self and is usually loudly proclaimed in order to protect and support a glorified view of one’s self

Question 30

six major ways in which people express self-hatred

Answer 30

1. relentless demands on the self
2. merciless self-accusation
3. self-contempt
4. self-frustration
5. self-torment
6. self-destructive actions and impulses

Question 31

what is the goal of Horneyian psychotherapy?

Answer 31

The goal of Horneyian psychotherapy is to bring about growth toward the actualization of the real self

Question 32

What does Horney say about the psychological differences between men and women?

Answer 32

Any psychological differences between men and women are due to cultural and social expectations and not biology

Question 33

What triggers basic anxiety?

Answer 33

feelings of isolation and helplessness

Question 34

What generates basic conflict?

Answer 34

the inability of people to use different tactics in their relationships with others