Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Question 1

this theory assumes that the whole person is constantly being motivated by one need or another and that people have the potential to grow toward psychological health, that is, self-actualization (Maslow)

Answer 1

holistic-dynamic theory

Question 2

this concept of Maslow assumes that lower-level needs must be satisfied or at least relatively satisfied before higher-level needs become motivators

Answer 2

hierarchy of needs

Question 3

what are the five needs that compose the hierarchy of needs called? (Maslow)

Answer 3

conative needs, meaning that they have a striving or motivational character

Question 4

can you list Maslow’s needs in order of their prepotency?

Answer 4

physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization

Question 5

these needs are the most prepotent of all (Maslow)

Answer 5

physiological needs

Question 6

how do physiological needs differ from other needs? (Maslow)

Answer 6

First, they are the only needs that can be completely satisfied or even overly satisfied
Second, their recurring nature

Question 7

these needs include physical security, stability, dependency, protection, and freedom from threatening forces such as war, terrorism, illness, fear, anxiety, danger, chaos, and natural disasters (Maslow)

Answer 7

security needs

Question 8

how do safety needs differ from physiological needs? (Maslow)

Answer 8

they cannot be overly satiated; people can never be completely protected from meteorites, fires, floods, or the
dangerous acts of others

Question 9

these needs include the desire for friendship; the wish for a mate and children; the need to belong to a family, a club, a neighborhood, or a nation (Maslow)

Answer 9

love and belongingness needs

Question 10

what are the three groups of people regarding how much their love and belongingness needs have been met (Maslow)

Answer 10

first, those who have been adequately meet and are confident that the people important to them will accept them
second, those who have never experienced love and thus are incapable of giving love
third, those who have only received love in small does and thus are strongly motivated to seek it.

Question 11

these needs include self-respect, confidence, competence, and the
knowledge that others hold them in high esteem (Maslow)

Answer 11

esteem needs

Question 12

is the perception of the
prestige, recognition, or fame a person has achieved in the eyes of others (Maslow)

Answer 12

reputation

Question 13

these needs include self-fulfillment, the realization of all one’s potential, and a desire to become creative in the full sense of the word (Maslow)

Answer 13

self-actualization needs

Question 14

what are the three other categories of needs present in Maslow’s theory?

Answer 14

aesthetic, cognitive, and neurotic

Question 15

these needs are not universal but at least some people in every culture seem to be motivated by the need for beauty and aesthetically pleasing experiences (Maslow)

Answer 15

aesthetic needs

Question 16

these needs talk about how most people have a desire to know, to solve mysteries, to understand, and to be curious.

when these needs are blocked, all needs on Maslow’s hierarchy are threatened

Answer 16

cognitive needs

Question 17

What does Maslow believe about healthy people?

Answer 17

Healthy people desire to know more, to
theorize, to test hypotheses, to uncover mysteries, or to find out how something
works just for the satisfaction of knowing

Question 18

these needs are nonproductive

they perpetuate an unhealthy
style of life and have no value in the striving for self-actualization

are usually reactive (Maslow)

Answer 18

neurotic needs

Question 19

what is Maslow’s estimate for the satisfaction of needs of a hypothetical average person

Answer 19

85% physiological
70% safety
50% love and belongingness
40% esteem
10% self-actualization

the more a lower-level need is satisfied, the greater the emergence of the next-level need.

Question 20

what is the difference between expressive behavior and coping behavior? (Maslow)

Answer 20

expressive behavior is often unmotivated while coping behavior is always motivated and aimed at satisfying a need.

Question 21

(Maslow) is often an end in itself and serves no other purpose than to be

is frequently unconscious and usually takes place naturally and with little effort

has no goals or aim but is merely the person’s mode of expression

usually unlearned, spontaneous, and determined
by forces within the person rather than by the environment

Answer 21

expressive behavior

Question 22

(Maslow) is ordinarily conscious, effortful, learned,
and determined by the external environment

involves the individual’s attempts to cope with the environment; secure food and shelter; make friends; and receive acceptance, appreciation, and prestige from others

Answer 22

coping behavior

Question 23

(Maslow) as the absence of values, the lack of fulfillment, and the loss of meaning in life

Answer 23

metapathology

Question 24

(Maslow) these human needs are innately determined even though they can be modified by learning

Answer 24

instinctoid needs

Question 25

(Maslow) what are the four criterions for separating instinctoid needs from physiological needs?

Answer 25

first, the level of pathology upon frustration
second, instinctoid needs are persistent and their satisfaction leads to psychological heal
third, instinctoid needs are species-specific
fourth, instinctoid needs can be molded inhibited, or altered by environmental influences

Question 26

(Maslow) what is the crtiera for self-actualization?

Answer 26

first, free from psychopathology
second, had progressed through the hierarchy of needs and therefore lived above the subsistence level of existence and had no ever-present threat to their safety
third, embracing of the B-values
fourth, full use and exploitation of talents, capacities, potentialities, etc

Question 27

(Maslow) what are b-values?

Answer 27

These “Being” values are indicators of psychological health and are opposed to deficiency needs, which motivate non-self-actualizers

the ultimate level of needs

Question 28

what does Maslow call the motives of self-actualizing people?

Answer 28

metamotivation

Question 29

(Maslow) what differentiates self-actualizing people from those who are not

Answer 29

METAMOTIVATION

Question 30

(Maslow) what happens when one is deprived of any of the B-values?

Answer 30

metapathology, or the lack of a meaningful philosophy of life

Question 31

(Maslow) what are the characteristics of self-actualizing people?

Answer 31

more efficient perception of reality
acceptance of self, others, and nature
spontaneous, simple, and natural
are concerned with problems outside of themselves
need for privacy
autonomous
continued freshness of appreciation
had peak experiences
has social interest
possess democratic values
set their sights on ends rather than means
philosophical sense of humour
creative
resistant to enculturation

Question 32

(Maslow) what is D-love?

Answer 32

deficiency love

Question 33

(Maslow) what is b-love

Answer 33

love for the essence or “Being” of the other.

Question 34

(Maslow) the type of science that lacks emotion, joy, wonder, awe, and rapture

Answer 34

desacralization

Question 35

(Maslow) what does to resacralize mean?

Answer 35

to instill something with human values, emotion, and ritual

Question 36

(Maslow) what type of attitude should one have for psychology, according to Maslow

Answer 36

a taostic attitude since it allows one to be noninterfering, passive, and receptive.

Question 37

(Maslow) what complex is about the fear of being one’s best?

represents a fear of success, a fear of being one’s best, and a feeling of
awesomeness in the presence of beauty and perfection

Answer 37

Jonah complex

Question 38

(Maslow) is a relatively new field of psychology that combines an emphasis on hope, optimism, and well-being with scientific research and assessment

Answer 38

positive psychology

Question 39

(Maslow) extremely positive experiences that involve a sense of awe, wonder, and reverence

Answer 39

peak experiences

Question 40

(Maslow) is a standardized test designed to measure self-actualizing values and behavior

Answer 40

Personal Orientation Inventory

Question 41

what does Maslow say about psychotherapy?

Answer 41

Psychotherapy should be directed at the need level currently being
thwarted, in most cases love and belongingness needs