Klein: Object Relations Theory Flashcards
Melanie Klein’s rival
Edward Glover
This theory was built on careful observations of
young children. (MELANIE KLEIN)
object relations theory
Her mother ran a shop selling what? (MELANIE KLEIN)
plants and reptiles
After her sister’s death, Klein became deeply attached to her only brother
Emmanuel Reizes
Freud’s only case study of a child was (MELANIE KLEIN)
Little Hans
is an offspring of Freud’s instinct theory, but it differs from its ancestor in at least three general ways (MELANIE KLEIN)
Object relations theory
what are the three ways that Object Relations Theory differs from Freud’s instinct theory (MELANIE KLEIN)
First, object relations theory places less emphasis on biologically based drives and more importance on consistent patterns of interpersonal relationships
Second, as opposed to Freud’s rather paternalistic theory that emphasizes the power and control of the father, object relations theory tends
to be more maternal, stressing the intimacy and nurturing of the mother.
Third, object relations theorists generally see human contact and relatedness—not sexual pleasure—as the prime motive of human behavior
Margaret S. Mahler’s work
was concerned with (MELANIE KLEIN)
the infant’s struggle to gain autonomy and a sense of self
Heinz Kohut’s work was concerned with (MELANIE KLEIN)
the formation of the self
Mary Ainsworth’s work was concerned with (MELANIE KLEIN)
the styles of attachment
John Bowlby’s work was concerned with (MELANIE KLEIN)
the stages of separation anxiety
one of Klein’s basic assumptions
is that the infant, even at birth, possesses an active
phantasy life
In their attempt to deal with this dichotomy of good and bad feelings, infants
organize their experiences into ______, or ways of dealing with both internal and external objects (MELANIE KLEIN)
positions
the two basic positions are (MELANIE KLEIN)
the paranoid-schizoid position
and the depressive position
a way of organizing experiences that includes both paranoid feelings of being persecuted and a splitting of internal and external objects into the good and the bad. (MELANIE KLEIN)
paranoid-schizoid position
According to Klein, at what age does the infant develop the paranoid-schizoid position?
first 3 or 4 months of life
What are the feelings of anxiety over losing a loved object coupled with a sense of guilt for wanting to destroy that object constitute what Klein called
the depressive position
what are the four psychic defense mechanisms in Klein’s chapter?
introjection, projection, splitting, and projective identification
In this defense mechanism, Klein simply meant that infants fantasize taking into their body those perceptions and experiences that they have had with the external object, originally the mother’s breast (MELANIE KLEIN)
introjection
is the fantasy that one’s own feelings and impulses actually reside in another person and not within one’s body (MELANIE KLEIN)
Projection
a psychic defense
mechanism in which infants split off unacceptable parts of themselves, project them
into another object, and finally introject them back into themselves in a changed or distorted form (MELANIE KLEIN)
projective identification
When object relations theorists speak of ____________, they mean that the person takes in (introjects) aspects of the external world and then organizes those introjections into a psychologically meaningful framework (MELANIE KLEIN)
internalizations
is mostly unorganized at birth, it nevertheless is strong enough to feel anxiety, to use defense mechanisms, and to form early object relations in both phantasy and reality (MELANIE KLEIN)
the ego
Klein believed that people are born with two strong drives (MELANIE KLEIN)
life instinct and death instinct
