Albert Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

Question 1

what was the chance encounter that led to albert bandura and ginny virginia meeting

Answer 1

a boring reading chore and a delayed tee-off time

Question 2

what are the four basic assumptions of the social cognitive theory? (BANDURA)

Answer 2

1. the outstanding characteristic of humans is plasticity
2. through a triadic reciprocal causation model that includes behavioral, environment, and personal factors, people have the capacity to regulate their lives.
3. social cognitive theory takes an agentic perspective, meaning that humans have the capacity to exercise control over the nature and quality of their lives.
4. people regulate their conduct through both external and internal factors

Question 3

what is observational learning? (BANDURA)

Answer 3

as the name suggests, by observing other people, humans
are spared countless responses that might be followed by punishment or by no reinforcement

Question 4

what is modeling? (BANDURA)

Answer 4

modeling is the core of observational learning and involves symbolically representing information and storing it for use at a future time

Question 5

what are the processes that govern observational learning? (BANDURA)

Answer 5

attention –> representation/retention —> behavioral production —–> motivation

Question 6

what is enactive learning? (BANDURA)

Answer 6

Enactive learning allows people to acquire new patterns of complex behavior through direct experience by
thinking about and evaluating the consequences of their behaviors

Question 7

This system assumes that human action is a result of an interaction among three variables—environment, behavior, and person (BANDURA)

Answer 7

triadic reciprocal causation

Question 8

what is Bandura’s definition of a chance encounter?

Answer 8

an unintended meeting of persons unfamiliar to each other

Question 9

this is an environmental experience that is unexpected and unintended (BANDURA)

Answer 9

fortuitous event

Question 10

what is the essence of humanness?, according to Bandura

Answer 10

human agency

Question 11

what does an agentic view of personality mean? (BANDURA)

Answer 11

this means that humans have the capacity to exercise control over their own lives

Question 12

what are the core features of human agency? (BANDURA)

Answer 12

intentionality,
forethought,
self-reactiveness, self-reflectiveness

Question 13

refers to people’s beliefs in their capability to exercise some measure of control over their own functioning and over environmental
events (BANDURA)

Answer 13

self efficacy

Question 14

what does efficacy not refer to? (BANDURA)

Answer 14

efficacy does not refer to the ability to
execute basic motor skills

efficacy does
not imply that we can perform designated behaviors without anxiety, stress, or fear

judgments of efficacy are not the same as levels of aspiration

Question 15

what contributes to self efficacy? (BANDURA)

Answer 15

(1) mastery experiences,
(2) social modeling, (3) social persuasion, and
(4) physical and emotional states

Question 16

involves indirect control over those social conditions that affect everyday living (BANDURA)

Answer 16

proxy

Question 17

people’s shared beliefs in their collective power to produce desired results (BANDURA)

Answer 17

collective efficacy

Question 18

what is the second approach to collective efficacy? (BANDURA)

Answer 18

the second approach proposed by Bandura is to measure the confidence each
person has in the group’s ability to bring about a desired outcome

Question 19

this allows us to evaluate our performances without comparing
them to the conduct of others (BANDURA)

Answer 19

personal standards

Question 20

what are the three internal requirements in the ongoing exercise of self-influence (BANDURA)

Answer 20

(1) self-observation, (2) judgmental processes, and
(3) self-reaction.

Question 21

what are the two aspects of moral agency? (BANDURA)

Answer 21

(1) doing no harm to people and
(2) proactively helping people

Question 22

what is selective activation? (BANDURA)

Answer 22

this concept talks about when self-regulatory influences are not automatic but operate only if they are activated

Question 23

with this concept, people can separate or disengage themselves from the consequences of their behavior (BANDURA)

Answer 23

disengagement of internal control

Question 23

what are the three methods/techniques of redefinition of behavior? (BANDURA)

Answer 23

1. moral justification
2. palliative comparisons
3. euphemistic labels

Question 24

what are the four methods of avoiding responsibility? (BANDURA)

Answer 24

1. redefinition of behavior
2. distorting or obscuring the relationship between the behavior and its detrimental consequences
3. dehumanizing
   their victims or attributing blame to them
4. displace or
   diffuse responsibility

Question 25

occurs when people have the capacity to rely on others for
goods and services (BANDURA)

Answer 25

proxy agency

Question 26

where are dysfunctional behaviors acquired from? (BANDURA)

Answer 26

the reciprocal interaction of environment, personal factors, and behavior

Question 27

what does social cognitive therapy emphasize?

Answer 27

Social cognitive therapy emphasizes cognitive mediation, especially perceived self-efficacy

Question 28

these are two important environmental factors that influence people’s lives in unplanned and unexpected ways. (BANDURA)

Answer 28

chance encounters and fortuitous events

Question 29

this takes place when our responses produce consequences. (BANDURA)

Answer 29

enactive learning