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Blood Banking > Rh Blood Group > Flashcards

Rh Blood Group Flashcards

1
Q

Most complex of all rbc blood group system

A

Rh

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2
Q

Is the most important rbc antigen in transfusion reaction

A

D antigen after A and B

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3
Q

Who lack d ag do not have

A

Anti D

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4
Q

Antibody produced through expiosure to D Ag through what

A

Oregnancy or transfusion

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5
Q

This is greater than that of all otehr rbc Ag studied

A

Immunogenicity D

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6
Q

Is routinely performed so D neg will be transfused with D

A

Testing for D

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7
Q

That delivery of stull born and adverse reaction in mom to blood transfusion from father were related discovered by

A

Levine and stetson 1989

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8
Q

Syndome in fetus is called

A

Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn

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9
Q

Syndrome had complicated oregnanciea for decades causing severe jaundice and death

A

Erthroblastosis fetalis

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10
Q

Suggestied that Ag are determined by

A

3 pairs of genes which occupy closely linked loci

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11
Q

Eqch gene causes priduction of antige exceot

A

d

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12
Q

Three loci carry the rh gene are so closely linked that they never separate but are passed from generation to generation ws a unit or gene complex

A

Fisher race

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13
Q

Nan offspring of Dce/dce individual will inherit either dce or Dce from the parent never

A

dCe

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14
Q

The gene complex DCe woukd cause priduction of

A

D C and e ag

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15
Q

If one chromosome carried DCe and other was DcE would cause

A

D,C,c,E,e ag

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16
Q

Each ag is recognizable by testing red cell with specific ag except

A

d

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17
Q

Each gene produces a structure on the red cell called

A

Agglutinogen or Ag

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18
Q

What are the 8 major allelespostulated that twi genes one or each chromosomes pair controls the entire express of Rh system

A

Wiener

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19
Q

The two theories are the basis for the twi notation currently used for the rh system

A

Wiener and fisher race

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20
Q

Convert Dce fisher race into wiener

A

R0

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21
Q

Most common D positive genotype

A

R1r

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22
Q

Most common D genotype

A

rr

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23
Q

Refer to genes

A

Superscript Rh upper 1

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24
Q

Refers to agglutinogen

A

Subscript Rh below 1

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25
Q

Proposed a nomnclature based ibky on serologic reaction

A

Rosenfield 1962

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26
Q

This are numbered in order of their discovery and recognition as belonging to the rh system

A

Ag

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27
Q

ISBT measn

A

International society of blood transfusion

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28
Q

004001

A

D Ag

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29
Q

004

A

Rh

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30
Q

For recording of phenotypes the sytem adopts

A

Rosenfield approach

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31
Q

Agglutination reaction pos and neg will represent the

A

Phenotype

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32
Q

Statistical probability to determine most probable

A

Genotype

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33
Q

Uses of Rh phenotyping

A

Parenting testing
Predicting HDN
Conforming Rh Ab
Locationg compatible blood for receipient with rh ab

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34
Q

Is the result of the reaction between the red cell and antisera

A

Phenotype

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35
Q

Genetic make up and can be predicted using the phenotype and considering the race

A

Genotype

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36
Q

Three mechanism for weak D

A

Mosaic
Position effect
Genetic

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37
Q

Inherit weak D or position effect

A

Quantitative

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38
Q

Mosaic D could produce Anti D

A

Qualitative

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39
Q

Is the most important blood grouo system after ABO in transfusio medicine

A

Rh

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40
Q

Inherited from parents in linked fashion as

A

Haplotypes

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41
Q

Below an offspring of the dce/Dce individual will inherit eithe dce or Dce from the present neve dce as this would indicate crossing over which does niy occur in rhy system in man

A

Fisher race

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42
Q

Stimulated as a resukt of transfusion or preg they are immune

A

Rh ab

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43
Q

Ab accounts for majority of unexpected ab encountered

A

Rh antigens

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44
Q

That control the system are

A

Autosomal condominant chrom 1

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45
Q

Postulated the two gene one on each chromosome pair control tge entire express of rh

46
Q

Each gene produces a structure on the red cell

A

Antigen or agglutinogen

47
Q

Each agglutinogen can be identified its part or factors that react with specific ab

48
Q

Propesed a nomenclature based only seologic reaction

A

Rosenfield

49
Q

Antigen are numbered in order of their discovery and recognition as belonging to the rh system

A

Rosenfield

50
Q

This has no genetic assumption made

A

Rosenfield

51
Q

The phenotype of a given cell is expressed by the base symbol of rh followed by a colon and a list of numbers of tye speciic antisera used

A

Rosenfield

52
Q

Since di is an amorph

53
Q

Ceated to standardize blood group system nomenclature

54
Q

Require for routine tetsing

55
Q

Agglutination pos or neg respresent what

56
Q

Three mechanism fo weak D

A

Genetic
Position effect
Mosaic

57
Q

Inherited weak D or position effect

58
Q

Mosaic D or produce Anti D

59
Q

Inheritance of D gene which result in lowered densities of D antigens on Rbc membranes genes code for less D

A

Weak D genetic

60
Q

Absemce of portion or portion of the total material that compromises the D antigen

61
Q

Partial D old term as

62
Q

Position effect

63
Q

C and D antigen arrangement causes steric hindrance which result in

A

Weakening or suppresion of D expression

64
Q

If the patient is transfused with D pisituve red cell they ma deelop an

A

Anti D aalloantibody

65
Q

Are epirope which occur due to presence of two rh gene on the same chromosome, cis position

A

Compound antigen

66
Q

Gene product include not only products of of single gene but also combine fenete that is also antigenic

A

Compound antigen

67
Q

This cell clearly mark on antigram of screen and panel cells

68
Q

Hat code for C or D

69
Q

Invariably present in rbc possessing C or D

70
Q

Minics Anti C or anti D

71
Q

Cannot be separated into andti C and anti D

A

Anti G activity

72
Q

Very rare

Individual inherit Rh gene complex lacking alleles

A

D deletion

73
Q

D deletion may be

74
Q

It must be what for rara deletion to be detected

A

Homozygous

75
Q

No reaction when rbc are tested with

A

Anti E, anti e anti C anti c

76
Q

D deletion written as

A

D– or -D-

77
Q

Variant rh antigen

78
Q

Low frequency antigen found in 1-2% of whites and rare in black

79
Q

In cw antibodies to these antigen can be naturally occuring may play a role in

A

HFDN OR HTR

80
Q

Antibodies which often occur togenther

A

Concominant rh ab

81
Q

Inherited from parents in linked fashion as

A

Haplotypes

82
Q

Below an offspring of the dce/Dce individual will inherit eithe dce or Dce from the present neve dce as this would indicate crossing over which does niy occur in rhy system in man

A

Fisher race

83
Q

Stimulated as a resukt of transfusion or preg they are immune

84
Q

Ab accounts for majority of unexpected ab encountered

A

Rh antigens

85
Q

That control the system are

A

Autosomal condominant chrom 1

86
Q

Postulated the two gene one on each chromosome pair control tge entire express of rh

87
Q

Each gene produces a structure on the red cell

A

Antigen or agglutinogen

88
Q

Each agglutinogen can be identified its part or factors that react with specific ab

89
Q

Propesed a nomenclature based only seologic reaction

A

Rosenfield

90
Q

Antigen are numbered in order of their discovery and recognition as belonging to the rh system

A

Rosenfield

91
Q

This has no genetic assumption made

A

Rosenfield

92
Q

The phenotype of a given cell is expressed by the base symbol of rh followed by a colon and a list of numbers of tye speciic antisera used

A

Rosenfield

93
Q

Since di is an amorph

94
Q

Ceated to standardize blood group system nomenclature

95
Q

Require for routine tetsing

96
Q

Agglutination pos or neg respresent what

97
Q

Three mechanism fo weak D

A

Genetic
Position effect
Mosaic

98
Q

Inherited weak D or position effect

99
Q

Mosaic D or produce Anti D

100
Q

Red cell have no rh antigen sites

101
Q

The lack of antigen causes the red cell mem leading to

A

Stomatocytosis and HA

102
Q

2 rh null phenotype

A

Regulatory type

Amorph type

103
Q

Gene inherited but not expressed

A

Regulatory type

104
Q

RHD gene is absent no expression of RHCE gene

A

Anorph type

105
Q

Conplex ab may be produced requiring use of rare, autologous compatible blood from sibling

106
Q

Except for rare example of anti E o anti C shich may be naturally occuring most occur from immunization due to transfusion or pregnancy

107
Q

Order of immunogenicity

108
Q

Most frequently encountered ab followed by anti c

109
Q

Rare as singke ab

110
Q

Ly encountered as only 2 % of the population is ag neg

111
Q

Discovered at the same time as rh antigen

112
Q

Detected on cell of rhesus monkey and human rbc proportion as D Ag

Blood Banking (16 decks)

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