Metabolism Of RBC Flashcards
1
Q
Rbc contain how many percent pf solid
A
35%
2
Q
The chief protein of the red cell
A
Hb
3
Q
Other protein are present in combination with
A
Lipids and oligosaccharide chains
4
Q
These are higher in red cell than plasma
A
Potassium, magnesium and zinc concentration
5
Q
Ihow many percent is protein
A
50%
6
Q
How many percent is fat
A
40%
7
Q
How many percent is carbohydrate
A
10%
8
Q
Which determine the membrane fluidity
A
Lipid bilayer
9
Q
Which is responsible for flexibility that are either peripheral or integral penetrating the lipid bilayer
A
Proteins
10
Q
This occurs only on the external surface
A
Carbohydrate
11
Q
Rbc membrane is mainly what
A
Phospholipids
12
Q
Is a semi permeable lipid bi layer supported by a protein meshlike cytoskeleton structure
A
Rbc mem
13
Q
Extend to the surface and span the entire membrane to the inner cytoplasmic side of rbc
A
Integral proteins
14
Q
Limited to the cytoplasmic surface pf the membrane forming the red cell cytoskeleton
A
Peripheral skeleton
15
Q
What are cytoskeletal protein
A
Actin band 5 Ankyrin band 2.1 Band 4.1 and 4.2 Adducin Spectrin
16
Q
Two important characteristics pf rbc
A
Deformability and permeability
17
Q
Energy is generated exclusively by what
A
Glycolysis
18
Q
This generates about 90% of the atp needed by the rbc
A
Anaerobic glycolytic pathway
19
Q
These are not true cell
A
Rbc
20
Q
The rbc is freely permable to
A
water and anions
21
Q
This can transverse the membrane in less than a second
A
Chloride and bicarbonate
22
Q
Rbc membrane is relatively impermeable to catinos such as
A
Sodium and potassium
23
Q
Erythrocyte intra to extracellular ratios for sodium and potassium are
A
1:12 and 25:1
24
Q
When rbc are depleted. These electrolytes are allowed to accumulate intracellulary. And what electrolytes are lost
A
Calcium and sodium/potassium and water
25
They become dehydrated and subsequently sequestered by
Spleen
26
The rbc is freely permable to
water and anions
27
This can transverse the membrane in less than a second
Chloride and bicarbonate
28
Rbc membrane is relatively impermeable to catinos such as
Sodium and potassium
29
Erythrocyte intra to extracellular ratios for sodium and potassium are
1:12 and 25:1
30
When rbc are depleted. These electrolytes are allowed to accumulate intracellulary. And what electrolytes are lost
Calcium and sodium/potassium and water
31
They become dehydrated and subsequently sequestered by
Spleen
32
Necessary to maintain the heme iron to hemoglobin in the ferrous functional state
Methemoglobin reductase pathway
33
Is a non fucntional form of hemoglobin and loss of oxygen transport capabilities
Methemoglobin
34
This permit the accumulation of 2,3 DPG. The large anount of 2,3 DPG found within rbc has a significant effect on the affinity of the hb for oxygen
Leubering rapaport shunt
35
How many hours needed to restore the depleted 2,3 DPG
6-24
36
Maximum storage time for rbc
21-24 hours
37
The erythrocyte contains
Carbonic anhydrase
38
The red cell contain enzyme that responsible for detoxication of cyanides
Rhodanese wnzyme
39
This is the only source for NADPH in rbc
Pentose phosphate pathway
40
Is important in keeping gluthathione in the reduced glutathione
NADPH
41
plays very important role in the survival of rbc
Reduced gluthathione
42
The first enzyme of ppp and its deficiency leads to reduced production of NADPH ending in what disease
Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase. Acute hemolytic anemia
43
This will be a consequence as rbc will not able to keep the biconcave flexible shape which allows it to squeeze through narrow capillaries with an end result of what
Hemolytic anemia
44
95% is what deficiency
Pyruvate kinase deficiency
45
4% is what deficiency
Phosphoglucose isomerase deficiency
46
Major protein of the cytoskeleton and its twi chains are aligned in an antiparallel manner
Spectrin
47
Is four structural proteins that include what
Membrane skeleton
| Spectrin, ankyrin, protein 4.1 and actin
48
Anlyrin binds what
Spectrin
49
Ankyrin binds spectrin in turn binds tightly to band what securing of spectrin to membrane
Band 3
50
These are approved preservative aolutions for blood
Acid citrate dextrose, citrate phosphate dextrose, CPD2
51
Blood storage for how many degrees, for how many days
1-6 deg, 21 days
52
Since ACD is low ph what lost during storage
2,3 DPG
53
This is more superiod that ACD in preserving 2,3 DPG
CPD
54
Incorporated to CPD forming CPDA1
Adenine
55
ACD storage time
21
56
CDP storage time
21
57
CPDA-1 storage time
35 days
58
SAG-M storage time
42 days
59
CDA-2 storage time
35
60
He uses standard citrate phosphate dextrose anticoagulant in the primary bag with additive solution containg SAG
Hogman
61
He modified with the addition pf mannitol to maintain the integrity of rbc membrane
Hogman
62
He doubled the conc with the additive solution containing SALINE, GLUCOSE, TRISODIUM CITRATE, CITRIC ACID AND SODIUM PHOSPHATE
Lovric
63
Additie solution approved in the us
Adsol fenwal lab
Nutricel medsep corp
Optisol trumo corp
64
Adsol contained what to retard hemolysis
Buffered saline, glucose mannitol
65
Storage time of adsol
42 days
66
A blood collection that containing standard anticoagulant
Primary bag
67
This blood collection that containing additive solution
Accessory or satellite bag
68
Additive composed of
Adenine, glucose, saline
69
This can be rejuvinated by incubation for how many hours and degrees
1-4 hours at 37 def with rejuvenating solns
70
The only FDA approved rejuvenationg soln
Rejuvesol (cytosol lab)
71
Composition of rejuvisol
Phosphate
Inosine
Pyruvate
Adenine
72
Most commonly used cryoprotectibe agents
Glycerol
73
Primarily done for autologous units and storage of rare blood type
Red cell freezing
74
Individual may donate blood for their own future
Autologous transfusion
75
Most comonnly done in lab in cryoprotective agents
Glycerol 40% w/v
76
In low concentration
20% glycerol w/v
77
Initial freezing temp of high glycerol
-80
78
Max storage time of low glycerol
-120
79
Initial freezing temp of low glycerol
-196
80
Max storage temp of high glycerol
-65
81
Shipping requirement of high glucerol
Dry ice
82
Type of freezer of high glycerol
Mechanical
83
Shipping req pf low glycerol
Liq nitrogen
84
Other in high glycerol
Can be thawed and refrozen
85
Type of freezer of low glycerol
Liq nitrogen
86
Two categories of blood substitutes
Hemoglobin based oxygen carrier
| Perfluorochemical
87
Carrier unclude stroma free hemoglobin solution chemically modified hb soln recombinant hb and encapsulated hb
Hb based oxygen carrier
88
The volume of maintenance fluid required by yhe pt depends on
Pyrexia
| High ambient temp or humidity when losses will inc
89
Chemically inert but excellent gas solvent. They can carry oxygen and co2 by dissokving much as to 49-70% per unit volume
Perfluorochemical
90
To replace tge normal physiological losses that occur in a pt through skin lung feces and urine
Maintenance fluid
91
To act as a vehicle for the administration pf certain drugs
Iv fluid
92
Use to replace abnormal losses of blood, plasma, or other extracellular fluid by increasing the volume of vascular component
Replacement fluid
93
Provide rplace,ent fluif for abnormal losses incurred as a result of surgery trauma
Iv fluid
94
Use principally in the treatment of hypovolemia
Replacement fluid
95
Maintenance of normovolemia in pt with ongoing fluid losses
Replacement fluid
96
These are crystalloids soln
Maintenance fluid
97
Mainly composed of water in form of dextrose soln
Maintenance fluid
98
Provide the normal maintenance fluid requiremnets of a patient in whom the oral route is unavailable
Iv fluid
99
Correct electrolyte disturbance or hypoglycemia
Iv fluid
100
Example of maintenance fluid
5% dextrose soln
| 4% dextrose in nacl
101
A solution of sodium chloride with electrolyte composition resembling that of extracellular flyid
Balance salt solution
102
Example of replacement fluid
NSS
Ringers lactate
Hartmann's soln
All colloidal soln
