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Metabolism Of RBC Flashcards

1
Q

Rbc contain how many percent pf solid

A

35%

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2
Q

The chief protein of the red cell

A

Hb

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3
Q

Other protein are present in combination with

A

Lipids and oligosaccharide chains

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4
Q

These are higher in red cell than plasma

A

Potassium, magnesium and zinc concentration

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5
Q

Ihow many percent is protein

A

50%

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6
Q

How many percent is fat

A

40%

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7
Q

How many percent is carbohydrate

A

10%

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8
Q

Which determine the membrane fluidity

A

Lipid bilayer

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9
Q

Which is responsible for flexibility that are either peripheral or integral penetrating the lipid bilayer

A

Proteins

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10
Q

This occurs only on the external surface

A

Carbohydrate

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11
Q

Rbc membrane is mainly what

A

Phospholipids

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12
Q

Is a semi permeable lipid bi layer supported by a protein meshlike cytoskeleton structure

A

Rbc mem

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13
Q

Extend to the surface and span the entire membrane to the inner cytoplasmic side of rbc

A

Integral proteins

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14
Q

Limited to the cytoplasmic surface pf the membrane forming the red cell cytoskeleton

A

Peripheral skeleton

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15
Q

What are cytoskeletal protein

A 
Actin band 5
Ankyrin band 2.1
Band 4.1 and 4.2 
Adducin
Spectrin
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16
Q

Two important characteristics pf rbc

A

Deformability and permeability

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17
Q

Energy is generated exclusively by what

A

Glycolysis

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18
Q

This generates about 90% of the atp needed by the rbc

A

Anaerobic glycolytic pathway

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19
Q

These are not true cell

A

Rbc

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20
Q

The rbc is freely permable to

A

water and anions

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21
Q

This can transverse the membrane in less than a second

A

Chloride and bicarbonate

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22
Q

Rbc membrane is relatively impermeable to catinos such as

A

Sodium and potassium

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23
Q

Erythrocyte intra to extracellular ratios for sodium and potassium are

A

1:12 and 25:1

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24
Q

When rbc are depleted. These electrolytes are allowed to accumulate intracellulary. And what electrolytes are lost

A

Calcium and sodium/potassium and water

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25
Q

They become dehydrated and subsequently sequestered by

A

Spleen

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26
Q

The rbc is freely permable to

A

water and anions

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27
Q

This can transverse the membrane in less than a second

A

Chloride and bicarbonate

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28
Q

Rbc membrane is relatively impermeable to catinos such as

A

Sodium and potassium

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29
Q

Erythrocyte intra to extracellular ratios for sodium and potassium are

A

1:12 and 25:1

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30
Q

When rbc are depleted. These electrolytes are allowed to accumulate intracellulary. And what electrolytes are lost

A

Calcium and sodium/potassium and water

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31
Q

They become dehydrated and subsequently sequestered by

A

Spleen

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32
Q

Necessary to maintain the heme iron to hemoglobin in the ferrous functional state

A

Methemoglobin reductase pathway

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33
Q

Is a non fucntional form of hemoglobin and loss of oxygen transport capabilities

A

Methemoglobin

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34
Q

This permit the accumulation of 2,3 DPG. The large anount of 2,3 DPG found within rbc has a significant effect on the affinity of the hb for oxygen

A

Leubering rapaport shunt

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35
Q

How many hours needed to restore the depleted 2,3 DPG

A

6-24

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36
Q

Maximum storage time for rbc

A

21-24 hours

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37
Q

The erythrocyte contains

A

Carbonic anhydrase

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38
Q

The red cell contain enzyme that responsible for detoxication of cyanides

A

Rhodanese wnzyme

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39
Q

This is the only source for NADPH in rbc

A

Pentose phosphate pathway

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40
Q

Is important in keeping gluthathione in the reduced glutathione

A

NADPH

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41
Q

plays very important role in the survival of rbc

A

Reduced gluthathione

42
Q

The first enzyme of ppp and its deficiency leads to reduced production of NADPH ending in what disease

A

Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase. Acute hemolytic anemia

43
Q

This will be a consequence as rbc will not able to keep the biconcave flexible shape which allows it to squeeze through narrow capillaries with an end result of what

A

Hemolytic anemia

44
Q

95% is what deficiency

A

Pyruvate kinase deficiency

45
Q

4% is what deficiency

A

Phosphoglucose isomerase deficiency

46
Q

Major protein of the cytoskeleton and its twi chains are aligned in an antiparallel manner

47
Q

Is four structural proteins that include what

A

Membrane skeleton

Spectrin, ankyrin, protein 4.1 and actin

48
Q

Anlyrin binds what

49
Q

Ankyrin binds spectrin in turn binds tightly to band what securing of spectrin to membrane

50
Q

These are approved preservative aolutions for blood

A

Acid citrate dextrose, citrate phosphate dextrose, CPD2

51
Q

Blood storage for how many degrees, for how many days

A

1-6 deg, 21 days

52
Q

Since ACD is low ph what lost during storage

53
Q

This is more superiod that ACD in preserving 2,3 DPG

54
Q

Incorporated to CPD forming CPDA1

55
Q

ACD storage time

56
Q

CDP storage time

57
Q

CPDA-1 storage time

58
Q

SAG-M storage time

59
Q

CDA-2 storage time

60
Q

He uses standard citrate phosphate dextrose anticoagulant in the primary bag with additive solution containg SAG

61
Q

He modified with the addition pf mannitol to maintain the integrity of rbc membrane

62
Q

He doubled the conc with the additive solution containing SALINE, GLUCOSE, TRISODIUM CITRATE, CITRIC ACID AND SODIUM PHOSPHATE

63
Q

Additie solution approved in the us

A

Adsol fenwal lab
Nutricel medsep corp
Optisol trumo corp

64
Q

Adsol contained what to retard hemolysis

A

Buffered saline, glucose mannitol

65
Q

Storage time of adsol

66
Q

A blood collection that containing standard anticoagulant

A

Primary bag

67
Q

This blood collection that containing additive solution

A

Accessory or satellite bag

68
Q

Additive composed of

A

Adenine, glucose, saline

69
Q

This can be rejuvinated by incubation for how many hours and degrees

A

1-4 hours at 37 def with rejuvenating solns

70
Q

The only FDA approved rejuvenationg soln

A

Rejuvesol (cytosol lab)

71
Q

Composition of rejuvisol

A

Phosphate
Inosine
Pyruvate
Adenine

72
Q

Most commonly used cryoprotectibe agents

73
Q

Primarily done for autologous units and storage of rare blood type

A

Red cell freezing

74
Q

Individual may donate blood for their own future

A

Autologous transfusion

75
Q

Most comonnly done in lab in cryoprotective agents

A

Glycerol 40% w/v

76
Q

In low concentration

A

20% glycerol w/v

77
Q

Initial freezing temp of high glycerol

78
Q

Max storage time of low glycerol

79
Q

Initial freezing temp of low glycerol

80
Q

Max storage temp of high glycerol

81
Q

Shipping requirement of high glucerol

82
Q

Type of freezer of high glycerol

A

Mechanical

83
Q

Shipping req pf low glycerol

A

Liq nitrogen

84
Q

Other in high glycerol

A

Can be thawed and refrozen

85
Q

Type of freezer of low glycerol

A

Liq nitrogen

86
Q

Two categories of blood substitutes

A

Hemoglobin based oxygen carrier

Perfluorochemical

87
Q

Carrier unclude stroma free hemoglobin solution chemically modified hb soln recombinant hb and encapsulated hb

A

Hb based oxygen carrier

88
Q

The volume of maintenance fluid required by yhe pt depends on

A

Pyrexia

High ambient temp or humidity when losses will inc

89
Q

Chemically inert but excellent gas solvent. They can carry oxygen and co2 by dissokving much as to 49-70% per unit volume

A

Perfluorochemical

90
Q

To replace tge normal physiological losses that occur in a pt through skin lung feces and urine

A

Maintenance fluid

91
Q

To act as a vehicle for the administration pf certain drugs

92
Q

Use to replace abnormal losses of blood, plasma, or other extracellular fluid by increasing the volume of vascular component

A

Replacement fluid

93
Q

Provide rplace,ent fluif for abnormal losses incurred as a result of surgery trauma

94
Q

Use principally in the treatment of hypovolemia

A

Replacement fluid

95
Q

Maintenance of normovolemia in pt with ongoing fluid losses

A

Replacement fluid

96
Q

These are crystalloids soln

A

Maintenance fluid

97
Q

Mainly composed of water in form of dextrose soln

A

Maintenance fluid

98
Q

Provide the normal maintenance fluid requiremnets of a patient in whom the oral route is unavailable

99
Q

Correct electrolyte disturbance or hypoglycemia

100
Q

Example of maintenance fluid

A

5% dextrose soln

4% dextrose in nacl

101
Q

A solution of sodium chloride with electrolyte composition resembling that of extracellular flyid

A

Balance salt solution

102
Q

Example of replacement fluid

A

NSS
Ringers lactate
Hartmann’s soln
All colloidal soln

Blood Banking (16 decks)

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