Rh Blood Group Flashcards
what is the second most important blood group
Rh blood group
does the Rh blood group have naturally occurring AB
no
what kind of inheritance does the Rh blood group have
mendelian
what kind of chromosomes is the RH gene on
haplotype
T or F: the D ag is not immunogenic
F
presence of D ag is considered RH ___
pos
what chromosome are RHD and RHCE gene
chromosome 1
what does RHD code for
presence/ absence of the D protein
what does RHCE code for
presence of other proteins
what chromosome is the RHAG gene located on
chromosome 6
what gene must be present for successful expression of the Rh ag
RHAG
what is the order of Rh ag that stimulate the strongest Ag response
D> c> E> C> e
which Rh blood group system three separate closely linked genes that produce the ag
fisher-race
which Rh blood group system? multiple alleles at one complex locus
wiener
what kind of system does rosenfield use
numerical
which Rh blood group system adapts well to computer entry
rosenfield
what number is D ag (rosenfield)
1
what number is C ag (rosenfield)
2
what number is E ag (rosenfield)
3
what number is c ag (rosenfield)
4
what number is e ag (rosenfield)
5
what Rh blood group system is used to talk to doctors
wiener
what Rh blood group is on ISBT labels
rosenfield
def? 6 digit number for each ag specificity
ISBT
what do the first 3 digits of the ISBT number indicate
blood group system
what do the last 3 digits of the ISBT number indicate
ag specificity
what are the 2 functions of the Rh ag
mmb integrity and intracellular cation transport
if someone has membrane abnormalities or RBC shortened survival what kind of Rh ag
Rh null
what race has the most Rh pos population
asians
what causes deleted phenotypes
replacement of large portions of RHCE gene with RHD gene
if the RBC lack C/c and or E/e what is the result
enhanced D activity
Rh mod =
weakened expression of Rh ags
Rh null=
no Rh ags expressed
what gene is mutated to have Rh mod
RHAG
what kind of Rh null type has a mutated RHAG gene
regulator type
what kind of Rh null type has a mutated RHCE gene and deleted RHD gene
amorphic type
what kind of Rh blood group has mild hemolytic anemia and reticulocytes
Rh null
what kind of blood can Rh null pt be transfused with
Rh null blood
what category of weak D has a reduced amount of D ags
quantitative
what category of weak D has C inherited in the trans location
position effect
what category of weak D has a missing part
Mosaic
if c and D are in double doses what does it cause C to do
decreases the expression of D
what is put into the tube for forward ABO typing
1 drop of regent antisera + 1 drop of pt cells
what is put into the tube for reverse ABO typing
1 drop of pt serum + 1 drop of red cell reagent
is Rh typing forward or reverse typing
foward
what occurs as a result of not added reagent or serum
false neg
what rh ag typing reagent has limited availability; expensive; and lengthy incubation time
saline reactive
can you use saline reactive reagent with a weak D
no
what rh ag typing reagent increase the likelihood of false pos
high protein
what has to be run with a high protein rh reagent
manufacturer’s control
can you use high protein rh reagent with a weak D
yes
what rh ag typing reagent relaxes ab molecule by breaking disulfide bonds. ab span distance between RBC in low protein medium
chemically modified
can chemically modified rh reagent be used with weak d
yes
what rh ag typing reagent hybridize to increase ab production and ab strength
monoclonal
what is the most common Rh ag typing reagent used
monoclonal
if a pt is weak D pos what are they considered
Rh pos
can you give weak d blood to a d neg pt
no
what do expecting mothers need to be tested for
weak d
if a mother is Rh neg what do they need to be tested for
weak d
t or f: some hospitals may or may not test transfusion recipients for weak d
t
what is done during a du test
incubate tubes at 37 C for 15 mins–> spin –> read
what is done during a Coomb’s test
wash tubes with saline 3x –> add Coomb’s reagent –> spin –> read
what happens if the Rh control is pos during a du test
test is invalid
are IgG clinically. significant
yes
what temp do Rh ab react at
body temp
do Rh ab bind C’
no
The Rh system genes are:
RHD and RHCE
What Rh antigen is found in 85% of the Caucasian population and is always significant for transfusion purposes?
Big D
How are weaker-than-expected reactions with anti-D typing reagents categorized?
weak D
Cells carrying a weak D antigen require the use of what test to demonstrate its presence?
Indirect antiglobulin test
How are Rh antigens inherited?
codominate alleles
Biochemically speaking, what type of molecules are Rh antigens?
proteins
Rh antibodies react best at what temperature (°C)?
37
Rh antibodies are primarily of which immunoglobulin class?
IgG
Rh antibodies have been associated with which clinical condition?
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn
What do Rh null cells lack?
Rh ags
what is the fisher-race nomenclature from the Weiner nomenclature: R1r
DCe/ce
what is the fisher-race nomenclature from the Weiner nomenclature: R2R0
DcE/Dce
what is the fisher-race nomenclature from the Weiner nomenclature: RzR1
DCE/DCe
what is the fisher-race nomenclature from the Weiner nomenclature: r’r
Ce/ce
what is the rosenfield nomenclature from the Weiner nomenclature: R1r
RH: 1, 2, -3, 4, 5
what is the rosenfield nomenclature from the Weiner nomenclature: R2R0
RH: 1, -2, 3, 4, 5
what is the rosenfield nomenclature from the Weiner nomenclature: RzR1
RH: 1, 2, 3, -4, 5
what is the rosenfield nomenclature from the Weiner nomenclature: r’r
RH: -1, 2, -3, 4, 5
what ag are present: R1r
D, C, c, e
what ag are present: R2R0
D, E, c, e
what ag are present: RzR1
D, C, E, e
what ag are present: r’r
C, c, e
Which Rh phenotype has the strongest expression of D?
D-
An individual has the following serologic reactions: D+C+E+c+e+f–. What is the most probable genotype?
R1R2
Which of the following is the most common haplotype in the African American population?
Dce
If a patient who is R 1 R 1 is transfused with RBCs that are R o r , which antibody is he most likely to produce?
anti- c
