Ch.7 Flashcards
what enhances host defense mechanisms
complement
complement proteins are synthesized where
liver
where are C1 components produced
intestinal epithelial cells
where is factor D made
adipose tissue
def? inactive precursors
zymogens
T. or F: most of the complement proteins zymogens
T
what is the end product of complement
lysis of invading cell
what amplifies inflammatory reactors
complement
does vascular permeability increase or decrease during complement
increase
what kind of cells do complement recruit during inflammation
monocytes and neutrophils
what are the 3 pathways for complement
classical, lectin, and alternative
what activates complement in the classical pathway
Ag-Ab complex
what activates complement in the alternative pathway
pathogen surface agent
what activates complement in the lectin pathway
lectin binding to pathogen surface (carbohydrates)
what do complement fragments act as
opsonins
def? a substance that makes other cells more susceptible to phagocytosis
opsonin
what is the 1st stage of complement
recognition unit
what protein is involved in the recognition stage of complement
C1
once C1 is fixed what are the next proteins activated
C4, C2, and, C3
what proteins make up the activation unit
C4, C2, and C3
what proteins make up the activation unit
C4, C2, and C3
what is the most effective immunoglobulin of the classical pathway
IgM
why is IgM the most efficient in the classical pathway
because it has multiple binding sites
T or F: CRP, some viruses, mycoplasma, some gram – bacteria(E.coli) can also activate Classical Pathway
T
what part of C1 binds the constant region of the Ab
C1q
what part of C1 generate enzyme activity
2 C1r
what complement protein is stabilized by Ca
C1
what activates C1s
cleaving of thirster bond
what ends the recognition stage of the classical pathway
activation of C1s
what is the name of C5-C9
mmb attack complex
what is the last unit the completes the lysis of the foreign particle
mmb attack complex
what complement pathway is ab independent
lectin pathway
what is the major constituent of the lectin pathway
mannose
where is mannose found
in the cell wall of bacteria
what complement pathway do babies use
lectin pathway
what are the lectin and classical pathway the same
after C4 and C2 are cleaved
what does the alternative pathway do for the other pathways
amplification loop for them
T or f: the alternative pathway can be activated on its own
T
what happens if you can not control complement
large amounts of tissue damage
what regulates that infectious agents get destroyed and the rxn remains localized
plasma proteins
what is the main step that stops complement
halting the accumulation of C3b
