Review! Period 2 Flashcards
What are the 4 empires in India and China that existed during this period?
Maurya, Gupta, Qin, and Han
Who conquered the Persian Empire around 330 BCE?
Alexander the Great
What Empire arose around 321 BCE?
Mauryan Empire, founded by Chandragupta Maurya, who unified the smaller Aryan kingdoms into a civilization
Ashoka Maurya converted to what and why?
Buddhism, filled with remorse over violent and bloody victories
After Ashoka’s death, the Mauryan Empire experiences a revival under who and became what?
Chandra Gupta the Great, Gupta Empire
By the time of the Gupta Dynasty, what again became the dominant religion in India? What did this cause?
Hinduism
Reinforces the caste system
Women lost their rights
How did the Gupta Dynasty collapse?
Pressure from the White Huns
What Dynasty built the Great Wall of China? What does this tell us?
Qin
Well organized, centralized, and territorial
What did Shi Huangdi do?
Decentralized feudal kingdoms, standardized laws
What was the dominant belief system in Qin China?
Legalism
What was the most important contribution of Rome and Greece?
Representative government
How did the Persian Empire expand?
Conquering earlier ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia
The Persian Empire delegates local administration of their provinces to who?
Satrapies
Who were the Lydians and what did they do?
Came up with coined money
What did the Phoenicians and what did they do?
Powerful naval city-States, alphabet adopted by the Greeks
Who were the Hebrews and what did they do?
Judaism, monotheistic, established Israel in Palestine
Freed under the Persians
What were the 2 main city-states in Greece?
Athens and Sparta
Where did women have more rights in Greece?
Sparta
What happened during the Persian Wars?
United all the Greek city-states against Persia
Ended in a stalemate
What happened in Greece under Pericles?
Established democracy, Athens was rebuilt
Delian League was established- alliance against aggression from common enemies
What did Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle do?
Discerned that truth could be discerned through rational thought and observation
What was the Peloponnesian League and War?
Athens vs. Sparta
What did the Macedonians do under Alexander the Great?
Unified legal practices, trade, spread Hellenism, defeated Persian Wmpire
What was social structure in Rome like?
Patricians (landowning noblemen)
Plebeians (all other free men and slaves)
What were the laws of Rome codified under?
13 Tables of Rome
Innocent until proven guilty
What were the Punic Wars?
Fought for control of Sicily, vs. Carthage
What was the First Triumverate?
Pompey, Crassus and Caesar
