Chapter 32: The End Of The Cold War And The Challenges Of Economic Development And Immigration. 1975-2000 Flashcards
The “Brazilian Solution” refers to…
The combination of dictatorship, repression, and government promotion of industrialization
Salvador Allende sought to implement socialists reforms in what country?
Chile
The first Latin American nation to experience conservative reaction to the Cuban revolution was:
Brazil
The “Dirty War” was fought in what country?
Argentina
“Dirty War” was so deemed because it was characterized by what?
Torture and executions by the military.
Which Untied States president worked to reestablish Panamanian Sovereignty in the Canal Zone?
Jimmy Carter
The “Contras” were…
Counterrevolutionaries financed by the Regan administration to oppose the Sandinistas
Which events contributed to the end of the Contra-led faction in El Salvador?
- the murder of Father Oscar Romero
- The U.S. congress refusing to support Regan’s guns-for-Contras policy
- the collapse of the Soviet Union
- Lack of popular support in the country
Neo-liberalism was the policy of…
Reducing the role of the state in the economy.
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini led an Iranian revolt in 1979 against the former shah and then implemented what?
A parliamentary republic with strict control by religious officials.
The Shah of Iran was supported strongly by:
The United States of America
One of the reasons for the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war was what?
Saddam Hussein’s fear that the revolutionary government of Iran would incite Iraq’s Shi’ites to rebellion
In order to finance arms to Iran to secure the release of American hostages, President Ronald Regan illicitly sold arms and financed the war against who?
Sandinistas
Which country engaged in an “unwinnable War” with Afghanistan in the 1980’s?
The USSR
Who were the Asian Tigers?
South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan
The keiretsu were…
An alliance of corporations and the banks that ruled the Japanese economy.
Crucial to the success of the Japanese economy in the 1970’s and 1980’s was
Tariffs and the import regulations restricting foreign competition.
Under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping, China did what?
Experienced economic growth because of freeing industries from the state run system and permitted foreign investment for the first time since 1949
As a response to the protests that culminated in Tiananmen Square, the Chinese government…
Used force
Which is most the of the communist states by the 1980s and 1990s?
Deep divisions had appeared among the communist states
The policy of reconstructing the Soviet Union as authorized by Mikhail Gorbachev was known as…
Perestroika
Solidarity was…
- a labor union of polish shipyard workers
- Supported by the Catholic Church in Poland
- A union that caused the Polish governments to impose martial law
- A potent force with nationally recognized leaders
The playright who was elected president of Czechoslovakia in 1990 was…
Vaclav Havel
East Germany was united with West Germany in what year?
1990
What powerful force ultimately caused the USSR to dissolve?
Nationalism
The result of the hard-line Communist coup against Gorbachev was that…
- Boris Yeltsin led popular resistance to the coup
- disgust with communism boiled over
- The Russian Republic effectively took the place of the USSR
- The coup failed
The Soviet Union was dissolved in what year?
1991
After the fall of the Soviet Union, nationalism and diversity undermined the Balkan nation of…
Yugoslavia
Ethnic cleansing in the Balkans occurred between…
Christian Serbians and Muslims
NATO forces were dispatched to the Balkans and used air strikes against Serbia to stop ethnic cleansing in:
Kosovo
In 1798, Thomas Malthus argued that…
Population growth would outstrip food production
Societies that have made the “demographic transition” have…
Lowered fertility rates.
Industrialized nations questioning the rapid population growth in third world countries did do because of:
racism
religious outlooks
fear of greater power through greater population
fear of strain on global resources
World population between 1950-1985 increased by how much?
It increased by 100%
In 1994, genocide was perpetrated by…
Rwandan Hutus against Tutsis
28 million of the 40 million people infected with the HIV virus live in what continent?
Africa!
What is not associated with low birth rates of older industrial nations.
Environmental pollution.
Which two nations account for approximately 1/3 of the worlds population?
India and China
All of the following factors have contributed to the declining life expectancy in Eastern Europe except…
Famine
Increases in global immigration are due in large part to…
Growing populations in developing nations.
Despite the unprecedented global economic growth since 1945, the majority of the world’s population…
Remains in poverty.
Internal migration in developing nations resulted in what?
Migrants enjoying a better life in the cities.
Although immigrants from developing nations bring many benefits to a new country, they what?
Face anti-immigrant discrimination and resentment
Anti-immigrant feelings in industrialized nations are mostly due to what?
An ethnically derived sense of nationality
What is not true about technological innovation after WW 2?
It caused a decline in world agriculture production due to the focus on tech, leading to worldwide starvation
As western economies recovered from WW 2, most…
Consumers sought new goods to purchase.
The most influential technology of the last three decades has been what?
The computer
The primary agent of technological change is the…
Transnational corporation
What factors have contributed to the globalization of fast food?
- Later marriage ages in modern industrial societies
- Busy schedules mean less family meals
- Increased immigration/ travel
- Greater cultural promotion in various media
Which country has arguably the worst environmental record?
The former Soviet Union
Efforts to preserve the environment included what?
- The Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, and the Endangered Species Act
- promoting the use of solar and wind trivia
- Manufacturing fuel-efficient cars
- Recycling efforts
What was Glasnost?
openness
When did the Cold War end?
1991
