Chapter 25: Africa, India, and the New British Empire, 1750-1870 Flashcards
Who was Rammouhan Roy?
A reformer and advocated Pan-Indian nationalism.
What was the ICS and who controlled it?
Civil service/ bureaucracy. Europeans dominated it.
Why did the Europeans keep the princes in luxury?
They didn’t want a rebellion.
What was the significance of the Sepoy Rebellion?
The British government took control of India, no more EIC control, new ideas sought to emphasize tradition and reform
Why did the sepoys lose their rebellion effort?
They had weak leadership, couldn’t unite, and there was a lot of violence.
What caused the Sepoy Rebellion?
Animal fat used to grease Enfield Rifle.
What sentiment grew by 1850?
Nationalism
Indian exports?
Cotton, opium, and other raw materials
How did Indian infrastructure improve?
They built canals, railroads, and roads.
Explain the Indian/ British textile industry.
Indians grew cotton, British made into textiles and sold it back to them. British made profit.
What did the BEIC do to maintain authority?
Took away Indian warriors’ weapons and gave civilian tasks, gave Christian missionaries free reign
What were nawabs?
Muslim princes who were under the Mughal emperor.
Who created the Zulu kingdom and how did it expand?
Shaka. It was in South Africa and expanded by raiding African neighbors, seizing cattle, and capturing women and kids.
What did some Africans do to protect themselves?
Made their own states.
What was the Sokoto Caliphate?
a large Muslim state founded in n. Nigeria
What happened to Egypt and Ethiopia?
growth and modernization. It started with Muhammad Ali’s technical expertise of the West combined with Islamic religion and cultural traditions.
What was the Egyptian printing industry?
Arabic translations of technical manuals, Islamic classics, promoted revival of Arabic writing and literacy
What happened to Egypt by the end of Muhammad Ali’s rule?
The population and trade with Europe grew, a new class of educated Egyptians started to replace the old ruling aristocracy
What caused the French to invade Algeria?
France failed to repay their debt after Algeria exported grain and olive oil to them. They attacked hoping to increase French nationalism, but they were overthrown and attack from an alien Christian power united Algerians.
Why did the slave trade end?
The British used the navy and enforced, captured and liberated over 160k at Sierra Leone
What happened when British patrols ended the slave trade in W. Africa?
Slavers moved to S and E Africa and joined with trade to the Islamic world.
What was the deadliest disease in India? What promoted its spread?
Cholera. New technology, like steamboats and railroads allowed for freer movement which promoted the spread. Many Indians saw it as divine punishment for failing to prevent British takeover.
How did the Indian National Congress initially seek more rights for Indians?
They sought a higher role for Indians in the Civil Service and decreased military spending to help poverty. They promoted unity among religions and social groups.
What was the underlying goal of British imperialism in the 19th century?
Trade
Where did plantation workers come from after British slave emancipation in 1834?
China and the Pacific Islands
Why did most indentured slaves leave their homes?
They got free passage to their overseas destination. were paid a small salary, were given housing, clothing, and medical care.
How long usually were the contracts of indenture?
5-7 year
