Retroviruses Flashcards
True or False: Viruses with an envelope have poor survival outside the host.
TRUE
Are feline retroviruses RNA or DNA viruses?
RNA
Which subtypes of FIV predominate in North America?
A and B
Transmission of FIV is mainly through what?
Bite wounds
What are the 4 risk factors of FIV?
- Older male
- Outdoor access
- History of fighting
- FeLV infection
How long does the acute phase of FIV last?
2-6 months
During the acute phase of FIV, where does the virus replicate?
Lymphoid tissue
True or False: There is no viremia associated with the acute phase of FIV.
FALSE - there is a short viremic period.
During the acute phase of FIV, you may see a decrease in what cell lines?
- CD4 T cells
- CD8 T cells
- Neutrophils
What is the most consistent gastrointestinal signs of FIV?
Stomatitis
True or False: During the subclinical phase of FIV it is difficult to recognize virus in the blood.
TRUE
What does the ELISA test for FIV test for?
Antibody
True or False: Because the FIV ELISA test tests antibody levels, false positives can be a problem.
TRUE
What are 2 scenerios when you might get a false positive with an FIV ELISA?
- Kitten < 6 weeks (due to maternal antibodies)
2. FIV-vaccinated cat
In what 5 specific scenarios should you test for FIV?
- New cat
- Sick cat
- Possible exposure to FIV
- Blood donor cat
- Prior to FIV vaccination
What do you do with a positive FIV cat < 6 months of age?
Retest again in 60 days and up until 6 months of age. You cannot consider that cat FIV positive until 6 months of age.
With an FIV infection, how would your globulins be affected?
Globulins would be increased
With an FIV infection, how would your urine sample be affected?
Proteinuria
Which clades is the FIV vaccine against?
A and D
True or False: There is no difference in mean survival time of FIV (+) and FIV (-) cats.
TRUE
What are the 3 subgroups of FeLV most commonly seen?
FeLV-A
FeLV-B
FeLV-C
Which subgroup of FeLV is infectious?
Only subgroup FeLV-A
What is the main mode of transmission of FeLV?
Licking and grooming/shared food and water bowels
What are the 3 risk factors of FeLV?
- FIV infection
- Access to outdoors
- Contact with other cats
What are the 4 types of FeLV infections?
- Abortive
- Focal
- Regressive
- Progressive
Which of the 4 types of FeLV infections test negative on antigen tests?
Abortive & Focal
How are the abortive and focal FeLV infections different?
Abortive - a robust immune response clears the virus
Focal - proviral DNA remains present in some tissues
Which type of FeLV infection has active replication and shedding?
Progressive
Which type of FeLV infection is persistently antigen positive?
Progressive
