Dermatophytosis Flashcards
Dermatophytes invade what type of tissue?
Non-viable, keratinized tissue
What stage of hair growth do dermatophytes invade?
Anagen
What are the clinical features associated with dermatophytosis?
- Alopecic areas
- Erythema
- Crusts
- Scaling
- Hyperpigmentation
- Broken hairs
- Mild to moderate pruritus
What is furunculosis?
Open, draining tracts with serosanguinous fluid
What are the 3 most common causes of furunculosis?
- Bacteria
- Demodex
- Dermatophytes
What is the most definitive, sensitive test for dermatophytosis?
Fungal culture
What are your systemic therapy options for dermatophytosis?
- Azoles
- Griseofulvin
- Lufenuron
- Terbinafine
What are the potential side effects of griseofulvin?
- Teratogenesis
- GI disturbance
- Anorexia
- Bone marrow suppression
What is the mechanism of action of the azoles?
Inhibit lanosterol-14 alpha-demthylase, which is responsible for forming ergosterol, a component of the fungal cell wall.
What are the potential side effects associated with Ketoconazole?
- Anorexia
- Diarrhea
- Weight loss
- Increased hepatic enzyme concentrations
- Alopecia
Why does Ketoconazole have a lot of adverse interactions with other drugs?
It inhibits the P-glycoprotein efflux pump (brain, liver, GI)
True or False: Ketoconazoles penetrates readily into areas such as the CNS, eyes, and prostate.
FALSE - they penetrate these areas poorly
Which of these drugs is best given with a meal to increase absorption: Ketoconazole or Griseofulvin?
BOTH
What is the mechanism of action of Itraconazole?
Inhibits ergosterol synthesis
Is Itraconazole fungistatic or fungicidal?
Fungistatic