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Small Animal Internal Medicine > Atopic Dermatitis > Flashcards

Atopic Dermatitis Flashcards

1
Q

What factors decrease the itch threshold?

A
  1. Breed
  2. Heat
  3. Dry skin
  4. Inflammation
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2
Q

What factors increase the itch threshold?

A
  1. Breed
  2. Cool
  3. Hydrated skin
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3
Q

Which do you manage first, the primary problems or the secondary problems?

A

Secondary problems

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4
Q

What are 6 ways to identify the primary factors?

A
  1. Hematology
  2. Endocrine evaluation
  3. Allergy tests
  4. Dietary trials
  5. Skin biopsy
  6. Environmental isolation
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5
Q

What is the most common primary factor of (1) pyoderma, (2) Malassezia dermatitis, and (3) otitis externa?

A

Atopy

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6
Q

What is the #1 allergen?

A

Dust mites

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7
Q

What are the seasonal allergens for Spring?

A
  1. Tree pollens

2. Mold

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8
Q

What are the seasonal allergens for Summer?

A
  1. Grass pollens
  2. Weed pollens
  3. Mold
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9
Q

What are the seasonal allergens for Autumn?

A
  1. Weed pollens

2. Mold

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10
Q

What are the seasonal allergens for Winter?

A
  1. Indoor allergens

2. Mold

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11
Q

True or False: Dust mites are not a problem during the winter months.

A

FALSE - Dust mite is the most common allergen all year long.

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12
Q

What is the hallmark clinical sign for atopic dermatitis?

A

Pruritus

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13
Q

Atopic dermatitis causes an itch that ____.

A

Atopic dermatitis causes an itch that RASHES.

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14
Q

Which dog breed are predisposed to atopic dermatitis (7)?

A
  1. Terriers
  2. Dalmations
  3. English bulldog
  4. Golden retriever
  5. Labrador retriever
  6. French bulldown
  7. Shar pei

AND MORE…

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15
Q

At what age do clinical signs of atopic dermatitis typically start to appear?

A

1-3 years of age

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16
Q

Is atopic dermatitis glucocorticoid-responsive?

A

Yes, if secondary infections are not present

17
Q

What are the 5 physical lesions you would find with atopic dermatitis?

A
  1. Erythema
  2. Scale
  3. Excoriations
  4. Hyperpigmentation
  5. Lichenification
18
Q

What are the 2 causes of military dermatitis in the cat?

A
  1. Flea infestation

2. Atopic dermatitis

19
Q

What are the 8 conditions off of which to clinically diagnose atopic dermatitis?

A
  1. Onset
20
Q

What type of hypersensitivity does an intradermal skin test elicit?

A

Type I hypersensitivity

21
Q

Which allergy test measures IgE in the skin?

A

Intradermal test

22
Q

Which allergy test measures IgE in the serum?

A

Serologic test

23
Q

Which allergy test requires more time and supplies?

A

Intradermal test

24
Q

Which allergy test could cause false (-)s?

A

Intradermal test

25
Q

Which allergy test could cause false (+)s?

A

Serologic test

26
Q

What are your 4 options for treating allergies?

A
  1. Glucocorticoids
  2. IL-31 blocking agents
  3. Cylosporins
  4. Allergen-specific immunotherapy
27
Q

What is the glucocorticoid-of-choice for controlling allergies in the dog?

A

Prednisone

28
Q

What is the glucocorticoid-of-choice for controlling allergies in the cat?

A

Prednisolone

29
Q

What is the least expensive way to control allergies?

A

Glucocorticoids

30
Q

What is the dosage for prednisone/prednisolone in treating atopy?

A

1.1 mg/kg

31
Q

What is the prednisone/prednisolone protocol for atopy?

A

1.1 mg/kg q24h PO for 5-7 days, then 1.1 mg/kg q48h PO for 14-21 days, decreasing by 10-20 % every 10-21 days from there. Maintenance dose: 0.5-1.1 mg/kg q48h

32
Q

What are the 3 advantages of glucocorticoids in treating atopy?

A
  1. Effective in 90-95% of patients
  2. Inexpensive
  3. Easy to dose
33
Q

What are the side effects of glucocorticoids?

A
  1. P/U
  2. P/D
  3. P/P
  4. Panting
  5. Personality changes

Small Animal Internal Medicine (36 decks)

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