DCM - Dilated Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
What is the primary etiology of DCM?
Not enough contractility
What gene is mutated in dobermans that predisposes them to DCM?
PDK 4
What are the 5 secondary causes of DCM phenotype?
- Nutritional (taurine/carnitine) deficiency
- Infection/inflammation
- Tachycardia-induced
- Sepsis-induced
- Doxyrubicin cardiotoxicity
How does DCM effect systolic function?
Decreases systolic function
How does DCM effect the left ventricle?
Dilation of the LV
What type of arrhythmia is typical of DCM?
Ventricular arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation in advanced DCM)
____% of dobermans > ____ years of age develop DCM.
50% of dobermans > 6 years of age develop DCM.
What 7 breeds, other than the Doberman, are predisposed to developing DCM?
- Great dane
- Irish Wolfhound
- Newfoundland
- Portuguese water dog (juvenile)
- Cocker spaniel (taurine/carnitine)
- Dalmatian (low amino acid diet)
- Boxer (ARVC)
Which is more predisposed to developing DCM, males or females?
Males
What is the gold standard in diagnosing DCM?
Holter (>50 VPC / 24 hrs)
What 2 things would you find on echocardiography of a dog with DCM?
- Increased LV size (dilation)
- Decreased LV systolic function
- 1+ VPC / 5 minutes
What 2 biomarkers can help you diagnose DCM?
- Increased NT-proBNP (>450 pmol/L)
2. Increased cTnl (>0.22 ng/mL)
What 2 drugs have been shown to prolong time from asymptomatic DCM to CHF?
- Pimobendan
2. ACE inhibitor
What 2 drugs would you use to treat a ventricular arrhythmia?
- Sotalol
2. Mexiletine
What 2 drugs would you use to treat atrial fibrillation?
- Digoxin
2. Diltiazem
