Leptospirosis Flashcards
Is Leptospira gram (-) or gram (+)?
Gram (-) spirochete
Put the following in order from least selective or most selective: Species, Strain, Serovar, Serogroup, Genus.
Genus –> Species –> Serogroup –> Serovar –> Strain
What are the vectors/reservoirs of lepto?
- Rats
- Mice
- Muskrats
- Opossums
- Squirrels
Name 4 routes of entry for lepto.
- Intact mucous membranes
- Wounds
- Transplacental
- Venereal
Name 3 things that easily kill lepto.
- Frost
- Disinfectants
- UV light
Explain the seasonality of leptospirosis.
Seasonality of outbreaks will be associated with rainfall.
Which dog breed has the highest prevalence to lepto?
Yorkies
PCR detects ____ of the leptosira organism.
DNA
Which will diagnose lepto earlier, PCR or serology?
PCR
Leptospirosis: Why should you submit both a urine sample and blood sample for PCR?
Organisms present in the blood <7 days post-infection
Organisms present in urine >7-14 days post-infection
True or False: A negative PCR result rules out Leptospirosis.
FALSE
There is a 4-serovar vaccine available against Leptospirosis. What are the 4 serovars?
- Icterhemorrhagiae
- Canicola
- Grippotyphosa
- Pomona
What is the mainstay antibiotic used in the treatment of Leptospirosis?
Doxycycline
How long is the duration of treatment with Doxycycline?
2 weeks
What antibiotic will clear the bacteremia associated with Leptospirosis?
Amoxicillin/ampicillin
Which antibiotic clears Leptospirosis infection from tissues such as the kidneys?
Doxycycline
What does MAT stand for?
Microscopic agglutination test
What is the GOLD STANDARD is diagnosis of Leptospirosis?
Serology (microscopic agglutination test)
A titer of > 1 : ___ is positive for Leptospirosis.
> 1 : 1600
What are 2 examples of false positives when using serology to diagnose Lepto?
- Vaccination
2. Previous exposure
True or False: Leptospirosis is subclinical in cats.
TRUE
True or False: It is highly recommended that all cats be vaccinated against Lepto.
FALSE - vaccination is not recommended
