Pulmonary Hypertension Flashcards
What is normal pulmonary artery pressure?
25 mmHg
What pressure within the pulmonary artery is considered pulmonary hypertension?
> 30 mmHg
What is the pressure range for mild PHT?
30-50 mmHg
What is the pressure range for moderate PHT?
50-75 mmHg
What is the pressure range for severe PHT?
> 75 mmHg
Disease of the pulmonary arteries is considered ____ PHT.
Precapillary
Disease of the pulmonary veins is considered ____ PHT.
Postcapillary
What 2 main changes happen within the heart with PHT and are noticeable on echo?
- Right ventricular hypertrophy
- Right ventricular dilation
- Main pulmonary artery enlargement
What is the etiology of right heart failure associated with pulmonary hypertension?
Too much afterload
What signalment would you expect with PHT?
Older, small breed dog
What clinical signs would you associate with PHT?
- Exercise intolerance
2. Syncope
What type of murmur would you hear with PHT?
No murmur / soft murmur
What type of changes would you expect in thoracic radiographs with PHT?
- RV enlargement
2. Pulmonary artery distension
The velocity of blood flow is determined by a pressure gradient. What is the PG equal to?
4 x velocity^2
What stage of the heartworm is infective?
L3
What life stage(s) of the heartworm is/are susceptible to heartworm preventatives?
L3 and L4
What life stage(s) of the heartworm is/are susceptible to Marlarsomine?
Mature adults
To which life stage of the heartworm is the antibody test responsive?
L4
To which life stage of the heartworm is the antigen test responsive?
Mature adult (female)
If a heartworm antigen test comes up positive, what test should you run next?
Microfilaria test
As it pertains to heartworm disease, what are 4 possible complications and their therapeutic interventions?
- Eosinophilic pneumonitis (prednisone)
- Pulmonary vascular disease (sildenafil)
- R-CHF (furosemide, pimobendan, enalapril, spironolactone)
- Caval syndrome (surgical HW extraction)
