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Charis & Ellie vs Ophthamology > Retinal Vein Occlusion > Flashcards

Retinal Vein Occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

What is retinal vein occlusion?

A

When a blood clot forms in the retinal veins & blocks the drainage of blood from retina

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2
Q

What is the central retinal vein for?

A

Draining blood from retina, it passes through optic nerve

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3
Q

What forms the central retinal vein?

A

4 branches come together to form the CRV

-Blockage of 1 causes problems in the area drained by that branch

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4
Q

What does blocking of retinal vein cause?

A

Pooling of blood in retina

This results in leakage of fluid & blood causing macular oedema and retinal haemorrhages

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5
Q

What do macular oedema and retinal haemorrhages result in?

A

Damage to tissue in retina & vision loss

Also leads to release of VEGF, stimulating revascularisation

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6
Q

Presentation of retinal vein occlusion?

A

Blockage of one of the retinal veins causes sudden painless loss of vision

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7
Q

Risk factors for retinal vein occlusion?

A 
HT 
High cholesterol 
Diabetes (endothelial damage)
Smoking 
Glaucoma 
-SLE
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8
Q

Investigation of retinal vein occlusion?

A

Fundoscopy

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9
Q

What will a fundoscopy show of retinal vein occlusion?

A

Flame & blot haemorrhages
Optic disc oedema
Macula oedema

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10
Q

Other tests for retinal vein occlusion?

A 
Full history
FBC (leukaemia)
ESR 
BP 
Serum glucose
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11
Q

Management of retinal vein occlusion?

A

Immediate referral

In secondary care, aim to treat macular oedema & prevent complications

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12
Q

Options for for secondary care management?

A
  • Laser photocoagulation
  • Intravitreal steroids
  • Anti-VEGF therapies
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13
Q

What is an intravitreal steroid example?

A

Dexamethasone intravitreal implant

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14
Q

Example of ant-VEGF therapies?

A

Ranibizumab

Bevacizumab

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15
Q

What is this one of the most common causes of?

A

Sudden, painless unilateral vision loss

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16
Q

Causes of central retinal vein occlusion?

A

Age
RFs for stroke
Raised intraocular pressure

17
Q

Symptoms of central retinal vein occlusion?

A

Unilateral painless blurred vision
Often occurs on waking
Metamorphosia

18
Q

Treatment of central retinal vein occlusion?

A

Panretinal photocoagulation

Dexamethasone intravitreal implant

19
Q

Types of central retinal vein occlusion?

A

Non-ischaemic

Ischaemic

20
Q

Features of non-ischaemic central retinal vein occlusion?

A

Retinal flame haemorrhages

Cotton wool spots

21
Q

Features of ischaemic central retinal vein occlusion?

A
  • Significantly decreased visual acuity
  • Dark retina
  • Widespread dot, blot and flame haemorrhages
  • Optic disc oedema
  • Dilated, torturous veins
  • RAPD
22
Q

Treatment of central retinal vein occlusion if ischaemic?

A

Anti-VEGF and laser

23
Q

Treatmnet of non-ischasemic retinal vein occlusion?

A
  • Many don’t need treatment

- Manage diseases

Charis & Ellie vs Ophthamology (40 decks)

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