Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Flashcards
What is central retinal artery occlusion?
When something blocks flow of blood through central retinal artery
What does the central retinal artery supply?
Supplies blood to the retina
What is central retinal artery a branch of?
Ophthalmic artery which is a branch of the ICA
Cause of central retinal artery occlusion?
- Atherosclerosis
- Giant cell arteritis
- Vasculitis affecting ophthalmic artery
- central retinal artery
Risk factors for central retinal artery occlusion?
Older age Fam history Poor diet Inactivity Obesity HT Smoking Alcohol consumption Diabetes
Higher risk for retinal artery occlusion secondary to giant cell arteritis?
Female
White patients
Over 50 years
Presentation of central retinal artery occlusion?
Sudden painless loss of vision
Relative afferent papillary defect
What is relative afferent pupillary defect?
Pupil in affected eye constricts more when light is shone in other eye
Investigation for central retinal artery occlusion?
Fundoscopy will show a:
-Pale retina with cherry red spot
Management of central retinal artery occlusion?
Immediate referral
Treatment for giant cell arteritis being cause?
Try reverse cause
Older ptnts tested for: ESR and temporal artery biopsy
-Treat with high dose systemic steroids
Immediate management for central retinal artery occlusion?
Ocular massage (converts CRAO to BRAO)
Removing fluid from anterior chamber to reduce intraocular pressure
Inhaling carbogen to dilate artery
Sublingual isosorbide dinitrate to dilate artery
-ECG/Echo/carotid doppler to assess for source of embolus
Presentation of Central retinal artery occlusion?
- Pale retina with ‘thread-like’ vessels
- Cherry red spot at fovea
- RAPD
- Greatly reduced visual acuity
