Ophthalmology Buzzwords & Facts

Question 1

Cherry red spot at macula?

Answer 1

Central retinal artery occlusion

Question 2

‘Tear drop’ or ‘blood level in sinus’

Answer 2

Blow out fractures

Question 3

Failure to adduct?

Answer 3

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia

Question 4

What is ophthalmopleagia?

Answer 4

Issue with medial longitudinal fasciculus

Question 5

Pain on eye movement?

Answer 5

Optic neuritis (most commonly caused by MS)

Question 6

Painful loss of vision for 1-2 weeks?

Answer 6

Optic neuritis

Question 7

Curtain coming down for <5 mins?

Answer 7

Amaurosis fugax

Question 8

Curtain coming down >5 mins?

Answer 8

Retinal detachment

Question 9

Flashes and floaters?

Answer 9

Retinal detachment

Question 10

Photophobia?

Answer 10

Anterior uveitis

Question 11

Gritty eye?

Answer 11

Bacterial conjunctivitis or sub-tarsal body

Question 12

Watery eye and swollen/tender pre-auricular lymph nodes?

Answer 12

Viral conjunctivitis

Question 13

Silver/copper wire appearance of arterioles?

Answer 13

Hypertensive retinopathy

Question 14

Loss of red reflex, eye red on ophthalmoscopy?

Answer 14

Haemorrhage

Question 15

New vessels and haemorrhage?

Answer 15

Wet ARMD

Question 16

Follicular conjunctivitis?

Answer 16

Chlamydia

Question 17

Different sized pupil?

Answer 17

Damage to CN III (Or sympathetic chain in Horner’s)`

Question 18

Down, out dilated?

Answer 18

Damage to CN III

Question 19

Down out, not dilated?

Answer 19

Diabetes

Question 20

Roth spots?

Answer 20

Infective endocarditis

Question 21

Brushfield spots?

Answer 21

Down’s syndrome

Question 22

What is giant cell arteritis associated with?

Answer 22

Polymyalgia rheumatica
Jaw claudication
Malaise

Question 23

What can giant cell arteritis cause?

Answer 23

Sudden loss of vision

Question 24

What could damage to the optic chiasm cause?

Answer 24

Bitemporal hemianopia

Question 25

Where is the lacrimal gland located?

Answer 25

Superolateral to the iris

Question 26

What can fractured zygoma result in?

Answer 26

Facial nerve sensory deficit

Question 27

What is the only part of the eye with lymphatic drainage?

Answer 27

Conjunctiva

Question 28

Classic triad of Sjogren’s syndrome?

Answer 28

• Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes)
• Xerostomia (dry mouth)
• RA

Question 29

DdXs of common causes of inflammed eye?

Answer 29

Acute conjunctivitis
Acute glaucoma (closed angle)
Corneal trauma or infection

Question 30

If >50 with acute, painful red eye consider?

Answer 30

Consider glaucoma

Question 31

What is a chalazion?

Answer 31

Meiboman cyst

Question 32

What to treat a chalazion with?

Answer 32

Heat and massage daily

Question 33

Blueish sclera discoloration?

Answer 33

Possible necrosis

Question 34

Transient visual loss in both eyes at same time?

Answer 34

Raised ICP to critical point where they can get stuttering visual loss in both eyes

Question 35

Most common cancer of eyelid?

Answer 35

BCC

Question 36

Holmes Adie Syndrome?

Answer 36

One eye with pupil that is larger than normal and constricts slowly in bright light

Question 37

Wilson’s disease?

Answer 37

Kayser Fleischer rings

Question 38

Down syndrome?

Answer 38

Brushfield spots

Question 39

Ehlers-danlos syndrome?

Answer 39

Blue sclera

Question 40

What can RAPD suggest?

Answer 40

• Retinal detachment
• Central Retinal Artery occlusion
• Vitreous haemorrhage
• Optic neuritis
• Ischaemic optic neuropathy
• Optic nerve compression
• Trauma to optic nerve

Question 41

Fungal keratitis?

Answer 41

Contact lens wearer