Respiratory System pt 1

Question 1

What are the 2 systems that cooperate to supply oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide

Answer 1

cardiovascular system and respiratory system

Question 2

The cardiovascular system is responsible for

Answer 2

transports respiratory gases

Question 3

The respiratory system is responsible for

Answer 3

gas exchange

Question 4

exchange of gases between atmospheric, blood, and cells

Answer 4

respiration

Question 5

3 basic processes of respiration

Answer 5

ventilation (breathing), external (pulmonary) respiration, internal (tissue) respiration

Question 6

upper respiratory system

Answer 6

nose, pharynx, associated structures

Question 7

lower respiratory system

Answer 7

larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Question 8

system that consists of a series of cavities and tubes that conduct air into the lungs

Answer 8

conducting system

Question 9

system that consists of the area where gas exchange occurs

Answer 9

respiratory system

Question 10

external portion of the nose is made up of

Answer 10

cartilage and skin and lined with mucous membrane

Question 11

bony framework of the nose is formed by

Answer 11

frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillae

Question 12

inferior structures of the nose are specialized for

Answer 12

warming, moistening, and filtering incoming air; receiving olfactory stimuli; and serving as large, hollow resonating chambers to modify speech sounds

Question 13

What is the pharynx?

Answer 13

aka the throat; a muscular tube that is lined by mucous membrane; resonating chamber + houses the tonsils

Question 14

3 regions of the pharynx

Answer 14

nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

Question 15

Functions of the 3 regions of the pharynx

Answer 15

nasopharynx - respiration
oropharynx and laryngopharynx - digestion and respiration

Question 16

What is the larynx?

Answer 16

voicebox; passageway that connects the pharynx with the trachea

Question 17

Where does sound originate from?

Answer 17

from the vibration of the vocal folds

Question 18

What is the trachea?

Answer 18

windpipe; anterior to esophagus; extends from larynx to primary bronchi

Question 19

What is the trachea composed of?

Answer 19

smooth muscle and c-shaped rings of cartilage and is lined with pseudostratified cilitated columnar epithelium

Question 20

function of the cartilage rings of the trachea

Answer 20

keeps airway open

Question 21

function of the cilia of the trachea

Answer 21

function of the epithelium sweep debris away from the lungs and back to the throat to be swallowed

Question 22

What does the bronchial tree consist of

Answer 22

trachea, primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles

Question 23

What are the lungs

Answer 23

paired organs in thoracic cavity

Question 24

what surrounds and protects the lungs

Answer 24

the pleural membrane

Question 25

What makes up the pleural membrane

Answer 25

parietal pleura and visceral pleura; parietal pleura: outer layer which is attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity; visceral pleura: inner layer, covers the lungs themselves

Question 26

What is between the pleura

Answer 26

the pleural cavity, which contains a serous fluid secreted by the membranes

Question 27

3 lobes and 2 fissures

Answer 27

Right lung

Question 28

2 lobes and 1 fissure and a depression; what is the depression called

Answer 28

Left lung; cardiac notch

Question 29

how many types of alveolar cells are there

Answer 29

Type I alveolar, Type II alveolar cells, and alveolar macrophages

Question 30

Where does surfactant come from

Answer 30

Type II alveolar cells

Question 31

What is the purpose of surfactant

Answer 31

lowers the surface tension of alveolar fluid, preventing collapse of alveoli with each expiration

Question 32

What is the respiratory membrane composed of

Answer 32

> layer of Type I & Type II alveolar cells and associated alveolar macrophages (alveolar wall)
epithelial basement membrane
capillary basement membrane
capillary epithelium

Question 33

Branching of Bronchial Tree

Answer 33

trachea > main bronchi > lobar bronchi > segmental bronchi > bronchioles > terminal bronchioles

Question 34

microscopic airways

Answer 34

respiratory bronchioles > alveolar ducts > alveolar sacs > alveoli