Blood pt 2

Question 1

term for stoppage of bleeding

Answer 1

hemostasis

Question 2

3 ways of hemostasis

Answer 2

vascular spasms, platelet plug, coagulation

Question 3

explain what happens in vascular spasms

Answer 3

the smooth muscle of a blood vessel wall constricts to stop bleeding

Question 4

explain what happens in platelet plug formation

Answer 4

involves the clumping of platelets around the damage to stop the bleeding

Question 5

explain what happens in coagulation

Answer 5

formation of prothrombinase, conversion of prothrombin into thrombin, and conversion of soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin

Question 6

major blood groups

Answer 6

A, B, AB, O

Question 7

2 antibodies that help determine blood groups

Answer 7

antibody A and antibody B

Question 8

what vitamin is needed for normal clot formation

Answer 8

vitamin K

Question 9

disorder d/t Rh incompatibility between mother and fetus

Answer 9

hemolytic disease of the newborn

Question 10

how do extrinsic pathways and intrinsic pathways differ

Answer 10

extrinsic pathways occur more rapidly and involve clotting factor X. intrinsic pathways occurs more slowly and involves clotting factor XIII, clotting factor X, and clotting factor V

Question 11

explain the conditions that may cause hemolyic disease of the newborn

Answer 11

a) At birth, a small quantity of fetal blood usually leaks across the placenta into the maternal bloodstream. A problem can arise when the mother is Rh- and the baby is Rh+, having inherited an allele for the Rh antigens from the father

b) on exposure to Rh antigen, the mother’s immune system responds by making anti-Rh antibodies

c) During a subsequent pregnancy, the maternal antibodies cross the placenta into the fetal blood. If the second fetus is Rh+, the ensuing antigen-antibody reaction causes agglutination and hemolysis of fetal RBCs. Result is HON