Respiratory System

Question 1

What is the function of the nose?

Answer 1

⇒Air is warmed and moistened when air enters
⇒In the nose, hairs and mucus filter dust, microorganisms and bacteria from the air.

Question 2

What is the function of the epiglottis?

Answer 2

Covers the trachea when swallowing

Question 3

What is the function of the trachea?

Answer 3

To carry air from the mouth/nose to the lungs

Question 4

What is the function of the bronchus?

Answer 4

Carries air into each lung

Question 5

What is the function of the bronchioles?

Answer 5

carry air into the alveoli

Question 6

What is the function of the alveolus?

Answer 6

Location of gas exchange

Question 7

What is the function of the ribs?

Answer 7

To protect the lungs

Question 8

What is the function of the intercostal muscles?

Answer 8

To expand and contract during breathing

Question 9

What is the function of the diaphragm?

Answer 9

Layers of muscle that expand and contract during breathing

Question 10

What is the function of the c-shaped rings of cartilage?

Answer 10

⇒Holds the trachea open
⇒Provides support

Question 11

What is the function of the lungs?

Answer 11

Organ of gas exchange

Question 12

During breathing you —- – oxygen and ——- carbon dioxide and —– vapour

Answer 12

take in, release, water

Question 13

Scientific word for breathe in

Answer 13

inhale

Question 14

scientific word for breathe out

Answer 14

exhale

Question 15

During inhalation, the intercostal muscles…

Answer 15

contract

Question 16

During inhalation, the diaphragm…

Answer 16

moves down and in

Question 17

During inhalation, the lungs…

Answer 17

expand

Question 18

During inhalation, the ribs…

Answer 18

move up and out

Question 19

During inhalation, the volume of chest cavity…

Answer 19

increases

Question 20

During inhalation, the pressure of chest cavity…

Answer 20

decreases

Question 21

During exhalation, the intercostal muscles…

Answer 21

relax

Question 22

During exhalation, the diaphragm…

Answer 22

moves up and out

Question 23

During exhalation, the lungs…

Answer 23

shrink

Question 24

During exhalation, the ribs…

Answer 24

move down and in

Question 25

During exhalation, the volume of chest cavity…

Answer 25

decreases

Question 26

During exhalation, the pressure of chest cavity…

Answer 26

increases

Question 27

What are alveoli covered in?

Answer 27

a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries

Question 28

How have alveoli adapted to their jobs?

Answer 28

⇒High number of alveoli
⇒Thin walls
⇒Network of capillaries

Question 29

What happens during gas exchange?

Answer 29

Oxygen moves from the lungs into the blood and at the same time, carbon dioxide and water vapour move from the blood into the lungs

Question 30

How do you prevent asthma?

Answer 30

Avoid triggers

Question 31

How can you treat asthma?

Answer 31

An inhaler

Question 32

What causes asthma?

Answer 32

⇒Genetics
⇒Lifestyle
⇒Pollution
⇒Allergies e.g. pet hair
⇒Stress
⇒Weather

Question 33

Why does you heart rate increase during exercise?

Answer 33

Your muscles require more oxygen during exercise so your heart beats faster to match the demand and produce enough oxygenated blood.

Question 34

Why does breathing rate increase during exercise?

Answer 34

Your muscles require more oxygen during exercise to make sure they work efficiently. Your breathing rate then increases to match the demand

Question 35

What will happen to your muscles if breathing rate and heart rate do not increase during exercise?

Answer 35

Anaerobic respiration happens. In the cytoplasm, oxygen is absent and it releases much less energy and we fatigue quicker. It makes lactic acid which can be felt as cramps.

Question 36

What is cilia?

Answer 36

the fine hairs that line the tubes of the respiratory system.