Respiratory System Flashcards
What is the function of the nose?
⇒Air is warmed and moistened when air enters
⇒In the nose, hairs and mucus filter dust, microorganisms and bacteria from the air.
What is the function of the epiglottis?
Covers the trachea when swallowing
What is the function of the trachea?
To carry air from the mouth/nose to the lungs
What is the function of the bronchus?
Carries air into each lung
What is the function of the bronchioles?
carry air into the alveoli
What is the function of the alveolus?
Location of gas exchange
What is the function of the ribs?
To protect the lungs
What is the function of the intercostal muscles?
To expand and contract during breathing
What is the function of the diaphragm?
Layers of muscle that expand and contract during breathing
What is the function of the c-shaped rings of cartilage?
⇒Holds the trachea open
⇒Provides support
What is the function of the lungs?
Organ of gas exchange
During breathing you —- – oxygen and ——- carbon dioxide and —– vapour
take in, release, water
Scientific word for breathe in
inhale
scientific word for breathe out
exhale
During inhalation, the intercostal muscles…
contract
During inhalation, the diaphragm…
moves down and in
During inhalation, the lungs…
expand
During inhalation, the ribs…
move up and out
During inhalation, the volume of chest cavity…
increases
During inhalation, the pressure of chest cavity…
decreases
During exhalation, the intercostal muscles…
relax
During exhalation, the diaphragm…
moves up and out
During exhalation, the lungs…
shrink
During exhalation, the ribs…
move down and in
During exhalation, the volume of chest cavity…
decreases
During exhalation, the pressure of chest cavity…
increases
What are alveoli covered in?
a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries
How have alveoli adapted to their jobs?
⇒High number of alveoli
⇒Thin walls
⇒Network of capillaries
What happens during gas exchange?
Oxygen moves from the lungs into the blood and at the same time, carbon dioxide and water vapour move from the blood into the lungs
How do you prevent asthma?
Avoid triggers
How can you treat asthma?
An inhaler
What causes asthma?
⇒Genetics
⇒Lifestyle
⇒Pollution
⇒Allergies e.g. pet hair
⇒Stress
⇒Weather
Why does you heart rate increase during exercise?
Your muscles require more oxygen during exercise so your heart beats faster to match the demand and produce enough oxygenated blood.
Why does breathing rate increase during exercise?
Your muscles require more oxygen during exercise to make sure they work efficiently. Your breathing rate then increases to match the demand
What will happen to your muscles if breathing rate and heart rate do not increase during exercise?
Anaerobic respiration happens. In the cytoplasm, oxygen is absent and it releases much less energy and we fatigue quicker. It makes lactic acid which can be felt as cramps.
What is cilia?
the fine hairs that line the tubes of the respiratory system.
