Respiratory: Restrictive disease Flashcards
What characterizes restrictive disease
restricted filling of lungs
what are spirometry values for restrictive disease
decrease TLC, FEV1, FVC
FEV1;FVC ratio increased
what are 2 categories what cause restrictive disease
- interstitial disease
- chest wall abnormalities
what is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
fibrosis of lung interstitium
what is the etiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- etiology unknown
- most likely related to cyclical lung injury
cyclical lung injury causes what
TGF- Beta from injured pneumoctes induce fibrosis
what are some possible secondary causes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- drugs: bleomycin and amiodarone
- radiation therapy
what are clinical features of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
dyspnea
cough
what is seen in lung CT for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
fibrosis
- initially seen in subpleural patches
- eventually results in diffuse fibrosis with end stage ‘honeycomb’ lung
what is the treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
lung transplantation
what is pneumoconioses
interstitial fibrosis due to occupational exposure
- chronic exposure to small particles that are fibrogenic
how does fibrosis occur in pneumoconioses
alveolar macrophages engulf foreign particles
what are common small particles that people are exposed to in pneumoconioses
- carbon dust
- silica
- beryllium
- asbestos fibers
who is carbon dust most likely seen in
coal miners