Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathoma > Male Pathology: penis and testicle > Flashcards

Male Pathology: penis and testicle Flashcards

1
Q

hypospadias

A

opening of urethra on inferior surface of penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what causes hypospadias

A

failure of urethral folds to close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is epispadias

A

opening of urethra on superior surface of penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what causes epispadias

A

abnormal positioning of genital tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

epispadias is associated with what other organ

A

bladder exstrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is condyloma acuminatum

A

benign warty growth on genital skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what can cause condyloma acuminatum

A

HPV type 6,11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

histo for condyloma acuminatum

A

koilocytic changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is lymphogranuloma venerum

A

necrotizing granulomatous inflammation of inguinal lymphatics and lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what causes lymphogranuloma venereum

A

Chlamydia trachomatis ( serotypes L1-L3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how is lymphogranuloma venereum resolved

A

heals with fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what other organs can be involved with lymphogranuloma venereum

A

perianal involvement may result in rectal stricture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is squamous cell carcinoma

A

malignant proliferation of squamous cells of penile skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma

A

high risk HPV, 2/3 of cases

lack of circumcision- foreskin acts as a nidus for inflammation and irritation if not properly maintained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are precursor in situ lesions that can lead to squamous cell carcinoma

A

Bowen disease
erythroplasia of queyrat
bowenoid papulosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is Bowen disease

A

in situ carcinoma of penile shaft or scrotum that presents as leukoplakia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

erythroplasia of queyrat

A

in situ carcinoma on the glans that presents as leukoplakia

18
Q

what is Bowenoid papulosis

A

in situ carcinoma that presents as multiple reddish papules

19
Q

what group of patients gets Bowenoid papulosis

A 
young patients (40s)
compared to Bowen and queyrat
20
Q

does Bowenoid papulosis progress to invasive carcinoma

A

no

21
Q

what is a common congenital male reproductive abnormality

A

cryptorchidism

22
Q

developmentally, what is normally suppose to happen to testicles

A

develop in abdomen and “descend” into scrotal sac as fetus grows

23
Q

cryptorchidism

A

failure of testicle to descend into the scortal sac

24
Q

how is cryptorchidism treated

A

most cases resolve spontaneously

- orchiopexy performed before 2 years of age

25
Q

what complications related to cryptorchidism

A

testicular atrophy with infertility and increased risk for seminoma

26
Q

orchitis

A

inflammation of testicles

27
Q

what are 4 causes of orchitis

A
  1. chlamydia trachomatis ( serotypes D-K), Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  2. E. coli and pseudomonas
  3. mumps virus
  4. autoimmune orchitis
28
Q

chlamydia trachomatis ( serotypes D-K), Neisseria gonorrhoeae orchitis occurs in what age group, what are the increased risks associated with it

A
  • young adults

- sterility, but libido not affected because Leydig cells are spared

29
Q

E coli/ Pseudomonas orchitis is seen with what age group? how do these bacteria cause orchitis

A
  • older adults

- urinary tract infection pathogens spread into reproductive tract

30
Q

mumps virus orchitis is seen in what age group? risks? when clinical presentation is not seen

A

teenage males

  • risk of infertility
  • testicular inflammation in usually not seen in children less than 10 yrs
31
Q

autoimmune orchitis is characterized by what gross apperance

A

granulomas involving the seminiferous tubules

32
Q

what is testicular torsion? what does this lead to

A

twisting of spermatic cord

- thin-walled veins become obstructed leading to congestion and hemorrhagic infarction

33
Q

what usually causes testicular torsion

A

congenital failure of testes to attach to inner lining of scrotum via processus vaingalis

34
Q

who usually gets testicular torsion

A

adolescents with sudden testicular pain and absent cremasteric reflex

35
Q

what is varicocele

A

dilation of spermatic vein due to impared drainage

36
Q

gross presentation of varicocele

A

scrotal swelling with “bag of worms” appearance

37
Q

varicocele usually occurs on what side? why?

A

left side

  • left testicular vein drains into left renal vein
  • right testicular vein drains into IVC
38
Q

varicocele is associated with what cancer

A

renal cell carcinoma, b/c usually invades renal vein

39
Q

what is hydrocele

A

fluid collection within the tunica vaginalis

40
Q

what is the tunica vaginalis

A

serous membrane that covers the testicle as well as internal surface of the scrotum

41
Q

Hydrocele is associated with what developmental problem

A

incomplete closure of processus vaginalis leading to communication with the peritoneal cavity (infants) or blockage of lymphatic drainage ( adults)

42
Q

gross clinical presentation of hydrocele

A

scrotal swelling that can be transilluminated

Pathoma (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions