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Pathoma > Female pathology: ovarian tumors > Flashcards

Female pathology: ovarian tumors Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 cell types in ovary

A

surface epithelium
germ cells
sex cordstroma

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2
Q

what is the most common type of ovarian tumor

A

surface epithelial tumor

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3
Q

surface epithelial tumors are derived from what

A

coelomic epithelium that lines ovary

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4
Q

coelomic epithelium embryologically produced the epithelial lining of what structures

A 
fallopian tube ( serous cells)
endometrium 
endocervix ( mucinous cells)
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5
Q

what are 2 common subtypes of surface epithelium

A

serous and mucinous

both usually cystic

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6
Q

benign tumors ( cystadenomas) are composed of what

A

single cyst with simple, flat lining

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7
Q

cystadenomas commonely occur in who

A

premenopausal women 30-40

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8
Q

malignant tumors ( cystadenocarcinomas) are composed of what

A

complex cysts with thick, shaggy lining

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9
Q

who usually gets cystadenocarcinoma

A

post menopausal women 60-70

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10
Q

BRCA1 mutation carrier have an increased risk for what

A

serous carcinoma of ovary and fallopian tube

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11
Q

what are surgery options for BRCA1 mutant patients

A

prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy

prophylactic mastectomy

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12
Q

Brenner tumor 2 types. which ones are malignant/benign.

A
  • endometrioid tumors composed of endometiral-like glands, malignant
  • bladder-like epithelium, benign
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13
Q

when do surface tumors clinically present and how do they present

A

late with vague abdominal symptoms ( pain and fullness_ or signs of compression ( urinary frequency)

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14
Q

prognosis for surface epithelial carcinoma

A

poor

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15
Q

where does epithelial carcinomas tend to spread

A

peritoneum

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16
Q

what is the 2nd most common type of ovarian tumor

A

germ cell tumor

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17
Q

who usually gets germ cellt umor

A

women of reproductive age

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18
Q

choriocarcinoma

A

cytrotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts

- mimics placental tissue but villi absent

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19
Q

endodermal sinus tumor

A

yolk sac

20
Q

dysgerminoma

A

oocytes

21
Q

cystic teratoma and embryonal carcinoma

A

fetal tissue

22
Q

What is the most common germ cell tumor in females

A

cystic teratoma

23
Q

struma oavarii is a teratoma composed of what

A

thyroid tissue

24
Q

cystic teratoma is benign but how does it indicate malignancy

A
  • immature tissue ( usually neural)

- somatic malignancy ( usually squamous cell carcinoma of skin)

25
Q

What is the most common malignant germ cell tumor

A

Dysgerminoma

26
Q

histo for dysgerminoma

A

large cells with clear cytoplasm

central nuclei

27
Q

what is the testicular counterpart of Dysgerminoma

A

seminoma

28
Q

what is a treatment and prognosis for Dysgerminoma

A

radiotherapy

good prognosis

29
Q

What are serum levels for dysgerminoma

A

LDH may be elevated

30
Q

what is the most common germ cell tumor in children

A

endodermal sinus tumor

31
Q

what is serum levels for endodermal sinus tumor

A

AFP often elevated

32
Q

what is seen in histo for endodermal sinus tumor

A

Schiller-Duval bodies ( glomerulus-like structures)

33
Q

what hormone levels are high for endodermal sinus tumor? What can this lead to

A

beta-hCG ( produced by syncytiotrophoblasts)

- thecal cysts in ovary

34
Q

Endodermal sinus tumor does not respond well to what therapy

A

chemotherapy

35
Q

is Embryonal carcinoma aggressive

A

yes

early metastasis

36
Q

what is sex cord-stromal tumors

A

resemble sec cord-stromal tissues of ovary

37
Q

What are 3 types of sex cord-stromal tumors

A

Granulosa-theca cell tumor
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor
Fibroma

38
Q

what is granulosa-theca cell tumor

A

neoplastic proliferation of granulosa and theca cells

39
Q

what are clinical signs for granulosa-theca cell tumor

A

estrogen increased

  • prior to puberty: precocious puberty
  • reproductive age: menorrhagia and metrorrhagia
  • postmenopause ( most common): endometrial hyperplasia with uterine bleeding
40
Q

histo for Sertoli-leydig tumor

A

Reinke crystals

41
Q

what is fibroma

A

benign tumor of fibroblasts

42
Q

what is fibroma associated with

A

pleural effusions and ascites ( miegs syndrome)

43
Q

what is Meigs syndrome

A

triad of benign ovarian tumor with ascites and pleural effusion that resolves after resection of the tumor.

44
Q

What is Krukenberg tumor

A

metastatic mucinous tumor

- both ovaries

45
Q

what is common cause of Krukenberg tumor

A

metastatic gastric carcinoma

46
Q

what is pseudomyxoma peritonei

A

massive amounts of mucus in peritoneum

47
Q

what causes pseudomyxoma peritonei

A

mucinous tumor of appendix

mats to ovary

Pathoma (38 decks)

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