Respiratory Pharm Flashcards
_____ generation antihistamines are LESS likely to block muscarinic receptors (minor anticholinergic adverse effects)
second
______ is used to prevent exercise induced bronchospasm
nedocromil/cromolyn
three cardinal signs of COPD are:
dyspnea, chronic cough, and sputum production
what are the inhaled SHORT acting β2 adrenergic agonist?
- albuterol
- terbutaline
- pirbuterol
what are the leukotriene receptor antagonists?
- montelukast
- zafirlukast
inflammation in the airways ultimately results in ____
airflow obstruction
ipatropium and triotropium block ______ receptors on the airways
M3
what are some adverse effects of theophylline?
headache, nausea, vomiting, etc
high concentrations: cardiac arrhythmias and seizures
(theophylline is pretty obsolete and has been replaced by β2 agonists and corticosteroids)
what is an adverse effect of zileuton?
hepatotoxicity
pharmacotherapy agents used in allergic rhinitis (5)
- glucocorticoid nasal sprays
- oral antihistamines
- cromolyn sodium
- montelukast
- nasal decongestants
long term use of systemic glucocortoics can result in ____ and _____
hypercortisolism and Cushing’s syndrome
what are the inhaled LONG acting β2 adrenergic agonists?
- salmeterol
- formoterol
_______ prevent or reverse the desensitization of β2 receptors due to the prolonged use of SABA’s
corticosteroids
long acting β2 adrenergic agonists (salmeterol and formoterol) are combined with ______ for long term control in moderate and severe persistent asthma
corticosteroids
______ is first line treatment of allergic rhinitis
glucocorticoid nasal sprays