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PCM Exam 3 > Blood and Lymphatic Infections > Flashcards

Blood and Lymphatic Infections Flashcards

1
Q

B. quintana causes ______ and is transmitted by _____

A

Trench fever; body louse (lice) so expect in homeless people with poor hygiene

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2
Q

transmission of yersinia pestis occurs due to ____

A

bite of an infected flea or contact with infected animals (bubonic or septicemic plague)

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3
Q

what is the function of yersiniabactin LPS

A
  • iron uptake for the bacteria to grow
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4
Q

what are some virulence factors associated with Y. pestis?

A
  • Pla protease:
  • murine toxin
  • V antigen: anti-phagocytic factor
  • F1 envelope antigen: stimulates intense immune response
  • yersiniabactin LPS: iron uptakes e
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5
Q

the causal agent of Carrion’s disease is _______ and is transmitted via _____

A

B. bacilliformis; sand fly

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6
Q

secondary pneumonic plague is acquired via _______

A

hematogenous spread of Y. pestis form buboes

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7
Q

a homeless patient presents with symptoms of fever, headache with retro orbital pain, restlessness and severe back and shin pain. He says it occurs ever 5-6 days. explain the periodicity of his symptoms

A

this is caused by B. Quintana which is spread via lice.

the recurring symptoms corresponds with the release of B. quintana in the blood

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8
Q

describe some symptoms in someone with Ebola

A
  • fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, weakness followed by diarrhea, vomiting and stomach pain
  • exanthems (hemorrhagic rash over the entire body)
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9
Q

what are the types of plague?

A
  • bubonic
  • primary pneumonic
  • septicemic
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10
Q

B. bacilliformis can be found in what structures in the body?

A

RBC’s or endothelial cells

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11
Q

natural reservoirs for Yersinia pestis is _______

A

rodents; humans are accidental hosts

this is a zoonotic disease

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12
Q

describe the clinical manifestation of the septicemic plague

A
  • “purpuric lesions” in the skin that turns deep shade of purple due to DIC
  • altered mental status
  • gangrene of extremities gives it the name “Black Death”
  • multiorgan failure
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13
Q

in additional to the regional lymphadenopathy, what other symptoms would you expect to see in cat scratch disease?

A
  • fever, malaise, headache, joint pain, back pain, arthritis
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14
Q

what are some common manifestations of B. quintana infection in densely populated, poverty stricken people?

A

culture negative endocarditis and septicemia

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15
Q

Carrion’s disease is transmitted via ______

A

sand fly

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16
Q

what is the geographical distribution of outlets of the plague caused by ____

A

yersinia;

New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, California

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17
Q

bacillary angiomatosis is associated with ________

A

B. henselae and B. quintana in immunocompromised people such as those with advanced HIV

18
Q

filoviruses such as _____ replicate in the _____ of the cell

A

Ebola virus; cytoplasm

19
Q

B. henselae infection in an immunocompromised person results in _____

A

baciillary angiomatosis

20
Q

Bartonella is transmitted by vectors such as:

A

ticks, fleas, sand flies and mosquitoes

21
Q

describe the biology of Bartonella

A
  • gram negative, facultative intracellular in RBC’s and endothelial cells
  • B. henselae: non motile
  • B. bacilliformis: motile
22
Q

“safety pin” appearance on media is descriptive of _____

A

Yersinia; due to polyphosphate granules found on the ends

23
Q

what is the function of the Pla protease in ________

A
  • has both coagulase activity and plasmin activity

- blocks the midgut so the flea is unable to feed so the flea will be more aggressive for a blood meal

24
Q

what are the clinical manifestations of someone with bubonic plague

A

caused by Y. pestis

  • abrupt onset of high fever w/ chills
  • tender and enlarged lymph nodes: “buboes” and the femoral and inguinal lymph nodes are the most common
  • bubonic form can result into secondary pneumonic form
25
Q

Ebola is spread through ______

A

bodily secretions from infected individuals: blood, semen, saliva, urine

26
Q

what is the geographic distribution of infection by B. bacilliformis causing _______

A

Carrion’s disease;

- mountains of American Andes, e.g. Peru Ecuador, Colombia

27
Q

what is the typical presentation of cat scratch disease caused by ______

A

B. henselae;

- regional lymphadenopathy with accompanying fever, malaise, headache, anorexia, joint pain, arthritis, back pain

28
Q

ebolavirus is a ______virus. describe its biology

A

Filovirus;

  • linear negative sense RNA
  • enveloped
  • helical
  • NON segmented
  • replicates in the cytoplasm

Marburg virus is also a filovirus

29
Q

serology for titers against ______ (virulence factor) can be used to diagnose infections caused by Y. pestis

A

F1 antigen

30
Q

describe the biology of yersinia

A

gram NEGATIVE bacillus

  • non motile
  • facultative anaerobe
  • non lactose fermenting
  • grows in media containing blood or tissue fluids
  • “safety pin” appearance
31
Q

An increase in F1 envelope antigen titers is indicative of infection by ______

A

Yersinia pestis

32
Q

Ebola virus is a enveloped/non enveloped and is +/- stranded DNA/RNA virus

A

enveloped negative sense RNA virus

33
Q

what is the presentation of the chronic phase of Carrion’s disease

A
  • multiple nodular hemangiomous skin lesions

- bacteria invade capillary endothelium and fill vacuoles

34
Q

what are some pathogens that can be transmitted via sand fly?

A
  • leishmania

- Bartonella bacilliformis

35
Q

Cat scratch disease is transmitted by ______ and bacteria enter the _____ cell and later _____ cells

A

fleas; endothelial; RBC’s

cats are the primary reservoir

36
Q

human to human spread of yersinia pestis results in ______ plague

A

pneumonic

37
Q

a person with infection by Y. pestis infects another person. what is the clinical presentation that you would expect to see in the newly infected person

A
  • direct inhalation form humans leads to primary pneumonic plague
  • fever, headache, cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest pain, and muscle weakness
38
Q

the causal agent of the plague is _____

A

Yersinia pestis

39
Q

what is a buboe?

A
  • tender, firm, elevated and enlarged lymph nodes
40
Q

describe the disease progression of Carrion’s disease

A

2 stages:
- acute phase - oroya fever: fever, headache, muscle aches, painless liver enlargement, jaundice, hemolytic anemia

  • Chronic/eruptive/tissue phase- verruga peruana (pervivan wart): multiple nodular hemangionas skins lesions
41
Q

describes he lesion seen in bacillary angiomatosis

A

single or multiple, red “cranberry like” globular lesions on the skin, subcutaneous tissue, bone or other organs that enlarge and ulcerate

PCM Exam 3 (32 decks)

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