Respiratory Drugs Flashcards
Ipratropium MOA? Uses?
Blocks the M3 receptor; used for asthma and COPD
Effective in aspirin induced asthma: MOA?
Montelukast and zafirlukast: block leukotriene receptors
B2 agonist used during acute asthma attacks?
Albuterol; relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
Prevents bronchoconstriction via M3 receptor?
Ipratropium/tiotropium blocks the M3 receptor; both used for COPD; Ipratropium also used for asthma
Corticosteroids used to treat asthma? MOA?
Beclomethasone and fluticasone Inactivate NF-kB which induces TNF alpha usually; first line therapy for chronic asthma
2 expectorants?
Gauifenesin and N acetylcysteine
MOA of Bosentan? Use?
Treats pulmonary hypertension by antagonizing endothelin 1 receptors thereby decreasing vascular resistance
Treated for asthma and develops SVT and hand shakiness; what drugs was patient started on?
Salmeterol and Formoterol (Theophylline also may cause these effects)
Blocks adenosine leading to bronchodilation?
Theophylline
Anti IgE used in asthma?
Omalizumab; monoclonal antibody; used in allergic asthma resistant to inhaled steroids and long acting b2 agonists
Pseudophendrine and phenylephrine?
Sympathomimetic alpha agonistic drugs for nasal decongestant
Antagonizes endothelin 1? What is this used to treat?
Bosentan; treats pulmonary hypertension by blocking arterial vasoconstriction
Methacholine?
Used in asthma challenge test for those who have negative PFTs. Muscarinic receptor agonist.
What is diphenhydramine?
H1 antagonist first generation
Zafirlukast: MOA?
blocks leukotriene receptor
MOA of theophylline? Adverse effects?
Inhibits phosphodiesterase thereby decreasing cAMP HYDROLYSIS (I.E. increases available cAMP which leads to bronchodilation); Cardiotoxicity and Neurotoxicity– very narrow therapeutic index
What is n acetylcystein used for?
Tylenol overdose
First line therapy for chronic asthma?
Beclomethasone and fluticasone
Zileuton: MOA?
Blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes; i.e. 5 lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor
When is omalizumab used?
When inhaled steroids and long acting B2 agonists (Salmeterol and formoterol) don’t work
This asthma drug is metabolized by P-450?
Theophylline
Blocks leukotriene synthesis?
Zileuton (5 lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor)
MOA of Chlorphenarmine?
H1 antagonist
Name the 3 H1 first generation blockers
Diphenhydramine; dimenhydrinate; chlorpheniramine
Montelukast: MOA? Use?
Blocks leukotriene receptors (doesn’t block LTB4); used in asthma (very good for aspirin induce asthma
Long acting B2 agonists for asthma? Adverse effects?
Salmeterol and formoterol May cause tremor and arrhythmia; also may worsen asthma because they do not act on the inflammatory process
Drugs that end in “adine”
Second generation H1 antagonists (Decreased entry into CNS) Loratadine, fexofenadine; desloratadine; cetirizine
