Respiratory Drugs

Question 1

Ipratropium MOA? Uses?

Answer 1

Blocks the M3 receptor; used for asthma and COPD

Question 1

Effective in aspirin induced asthma: MOA?

Answer 1

Montelukast and zafirlukast: block leukotriene receptors

Question 2

B2 agonist used during acute asthma attacks?

Answer 2

Albuterol; relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

Question 2

Prevents bronchoconstriction via M3 receptor?

Answer 2

Ipratropium/tiotropium blocks the M3 receptor; both used for COPD; Ipratropium also used for asthma

Question 2

Corticosteroids used to treat asthma? MOA?

Answer 2

Beclomethasone and fluticasone Inactivate NF-kB which induces TNF alpha usually; first line therapy for chronic asthma

Question 2

2 expectorants?

Answer 2

Gauifenesin and N acetylcysteine

Question 2

MOA of Bosentan? Use?

Answer 2

Treats pulmonary hypertension by antagonizing endothelin 1 receptors thereby decreasing vascular resistance

Question 3

Treated for asthma and develops SVT and hand shakiness; what drugs was patient started on?

Answer 3

Salmeterol and Formoterol (Theophylline also may cause these effects)

Question 4

Blocks adenosine leading to bronchodilation?

Answer 4

Theophylline

Question 5

Anti IgE used in asthma?

Answer 5

Omalizumab; monoclonal antibody; used in allergic asthma resistant to inhaled steroids and long acting b2 agonists

Question 6

Pseudophendrine and phenylephrine?

Answer 6

Sympathomimetic alpha agonistic drugs for nasal decongestant

Question 8

Antagonizes endothelin 1? What is this used to treat?

Answer 8

Bosentan; treats pulmonary hypertension by blocking arterial vasoconstriction

Question 11

Methacholine?

Answer 11

Used in asthma challenge test for those who have negative PFTs. Muscarinic receptor agonist.

Question 12

What is diphenhydramine?

Answer 12

H1 antagonist first generation

Question 13

Zafirlukast: MOA?

Answer 13

blocks leukotriene receptor

Question 14

MOA of theophylline? Adverse effects?

Answer 14

Inhibits phosphodiesterase thereby decreasing cAMP HYDROLYSIS (I.E. increases available cAMP which leads to bronchodilation); Cardiotoxicity and Neurotoxicity– very narrow therapeutic index

Question 16

What is n acetylcystein used for?

Answer 16

Tylenol overdose

Question 17

First line therapy for chronic asthma?

Answer 17

Beclomethasone and fluticasone

Question 17

Zileuton: MOA?

Answer 17

Blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes; i.e. 5 lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor

Question 18

When is omalizumab used?

Answer 18

When inhaled steroids and long acting B2 agonists (Salmeterol and formoterol) don’t work

Question 19

This asthma drug is metabolized by P-450?

Answer 19

Theophylline

Question 21

Blocks leukotriene synthesis?

Answer 21

Zileuton (5 lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor)

Question 23

MOA of Chlorphenarmine?

Answer 23

H1 antagonist

Question 24

Name the 3 H1 first generation blockers

Answer 24

Diphenhydramine; dimenhydrinate; chlorpheniramine

Question 25

Montelukast: MOA? Use?

Answer 25

Blocks leukotriene receptors (doesn’t block LTB4); used in asthma (very good for aspirin induce asthma

Question 26

Long acting B2 agonists for asthma? Adverse effects?

Answer 26

Salmeterol and formoterol May cause tremor and arrhythmia; also may worsen asthma because they do not act on the inflammatory process

Question 27

Drugs that end in “adine”

Answer 27

Second generation H1 antagonists (Decreased entry into CNS) Loratadine, fexofenadine; desloratadine; cetirizine