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Elliot Step 1 > General path > Flashcards

General path Flashcards

1
Q

Carbon tetrachloride?

A

centrilobular necrosis and fatty change

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2
Q

Vinyl chloride

A

angiosarcoma

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3
Q

PTHrP?

A

Hypercalcemia; squamous cell lung; renal cell; breast cancer

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4
Q

Psammoma bodies?

A

Papillary thyroid; serous ovary; meningioma; mesothelioma

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5
Q

S100

A

Schwannoma; melanoma; neural tumors

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6
Q

CA 19

A

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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7
Q

Bladder cancer microbe?

A

Schistosoma– egyptian male

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8
Q

Cholangiocarcinoma microbe?

A

Clonorchis sinensis (liver fluke)

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9
Q

burkitts

A

cmyc

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10
Q

follicular

A

bcl2

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11
Q

neuroblastoma

A

N-myc

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12
Q

ckit?

A

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors– cytokine receptor

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13
Q

Her2neu

A

Tyrosine kinase

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14
Q

Renal angiomyolipoma and cardiac rhabdomyoma

A

tuberous sclerosis

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15
Q

Autoimmune diseases associated neoplasm?

A

Lymphoma

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16
Q

Acanthosis nigricans?

A

visceral malignancy

17
Q

dysplastic nevus

A

malignant melanoma

18
Q

SIADH neoplasm

A

Small cell

19
Q

sarcomas spread via?

Carcinomas spread via?

A

Sarcomas spread through blood

Carcinomas spread via lymphatics

20
Q

Desmoplasia?

A

Fibrous tissue formation in response to neoplasm

21
Q

Carcinoma implies origin from?

Sarcoma implies origin from?

A

Carcinoma epithelial

Sarcoma mesenchymal origin

22
Q

Acute iron poisoning presents with

A

Gastric bleeding

chronic presents with metabolic acidosis, scarring leading to GI obstruction

23
Q

2-3 days after a wound?

A

deposition of granulation tissue and collagen, angiogenesis, dissolution of clot, wound contraction mediated by myibroblasts

24
Q

1 week after a wound?

A

Type III collagen replaced by type I collagen which increases tensile strenght of tissue— ZINC IS COFACTOR FOR COLLAGENASE

25
Q

Liquefactive necrosis

A

Bacterial abscess, Pleural effusion, brain, pancreatitis

26
Q

Reversible cell injury

A

lose of microvilli dt water entering cell
decreased glycogen
ribosomal detachement–> dec protein synthesis
Ca2+ pump gets fucked up–>cytosolic Ca2+

27
Q

Areas of kidney most susceptible to ischemia?

A

Straight segment of proximal tutuble in medulla

and TAL of medulla

28
Q

Area of liver most susceptible to necrosis?

A

Central vein zone III

29
Q

Red infarct?

A

Loose tissue organs with collaterals: liver, lungs, intestine, testicle

30
Q

Pale infarct?

A

Solid tissues with single blood supply, such as heart, kidney, and spleen

31
Q

First sign of shock is?

A

Tachycardia

32
Q

Hypovolemic/cardiogenic shock

A

Low output failure; inc TPR; Low CO; cold, clammy patient dt vasoconstriction

33
Q

Septic shock?

A

High output failure; dec TPR; dilated arterioles and high venous return; hot patient

34
Q

Neutrophil migration?

A

Kallikrein; C5a; IL-8; LTB4

35
Q

FGF

A

stimulates all aspects of angiogenesis

36
Q

EGF

A

stimulates cell growth via tyrosine kinase

37
Q

TGF beta

A

angiogenesis and fibrosis

Elliot Step 1 (32 decks)

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