Respiratory

Question 1

COPD

Answer 1

FEV1/FVC is less than 0.7

Question 2

Azithromycin

Answer 2

Can be used prophylactically in COPD if people are having frequent exacerbations

Question 3

COPD treatment

Answer 3

First use SABA/SAMA then add LABA and ICS

Question 4

Carbon monoxide

Answer 4

Oxygen via as reservoir mask at 15 litres/min

Question 5

Tuberculosis

Answer 5

Typically causes upper zone pulmonary fibrosis

Question 6

Severe or life-threatening asthma

Answer 6

Nebulised ipratropium bromide should be given alongside nebulised salbutamol, oral prednisolone

Question 7

COPD saturations

Answer 7

Aim for 94-98% if CO2 is normal on ABG

Question 8

Empyema

Answer 8

Turbid effusion that on analysis has pH <7.2, low glucose and high LDH

Question 9

Sarcoidosis

Answer 9

Indications for corticosteroids

• parenchymal lung disease
• uveitis
• hypercalcaemia
• neurological involvement
• cardiac involvement

Question 10

Pneumothorax

Answer 10

Primary pneumothorax without shortness of breath then discharge with outpatient chest x-ray

Question 11

Inhaler second dose

Answer 11

When having a second dose wait approx. 30 seconds before repeating

Question 12

Bronchiectasis

Answer 12

Localised disease is an indication for surgery

Question 13

Life-threatening asthma

Answer 13

Confusion

Question 14

BiPAP

Answer 14

Indicated in respiratory acidosis or rising PaCO2 in acute exacerbations of COPD

Question 15

Asthma diagnosis

Answer 15

An increase in FEV1 of 12% or more after inhalers is indicative of asthma