Respiration and Photosynthesis Lab Flashcards
Photsynthesis
CO2 + H2O + ENERGY —-> C6 H12 06
RESPIRATION
C6 H12 06——> CO2 + H2O + ENERGY
What occurs in Respiration
The high energy electrons that form the covalent bonds of the glucose molecule are removed and pass through a series of energy levels leading to oxygen ( the lowest level of all.
As they pass through these levels , the electrons are forced by the laws of physics to give off excess energy.
It is this energy that is stored in the chemical bonds of ATP.
The energy given off in the respiration process is stored where
In the the chemical bonds of ATP
2 ways organisms produce atp without oxygen
- fermentation
2. anaerobic respiration ( using some other molecule as the last terminal accept for the ETC) ( common in prokaryotes)
OXIDATION
A molecule has lost an electron
REDUCTION
A molecule has gained an electron
MB OXIDIZED ( methelyne Blue)
BLUE
MB REDUCED
COLORLESS
How is Methylyn Blue used to test for bacteria in a milk sample
oxidized MB is added to the milk sample and the time required for the dye to become completely reduced is observed ( become colorless)
The rate of MB reduction is roughly porpotional to
the number of bacteria present in the sample being investigated
What happens if bacteria are growing in a liquid environment
They will rapidly consume any oxygen present and the environment will become an aerobic
How do bacteria use MB
as a electron acceptor in the ETC instead of oxygen. This causes the MB to be reduced turning it from blue ( oxidized) to colorless ( oxidized)
The presence of light has what affect on bacteria reducing MB
causes reduction to take place much quicker than it would in the dark
How can RESPIRATION be defined
the oxidation of glucose using oxygen as the ultimate terminal acceptor
ALCOHOL FERMENTATION
Is the formation of ethyl alcohol ( ethanol) from sugar
yeast
Is one of the few organisms that is capable of either AEROBIC or ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION depending on oxygen availability
When yeast is in ANAEROBIC environment
FERMENTATION: They can switch over to using organic molecules as electron acceptors—- sugars are fermented to ethanol and carbon dioxide
The equation for FERMENTATION
CARBS—–> ETHANOL + CARBON DIOXIDE
What are the 4 compounds that make up the green color in plants
- chlorophyll a
- chlorophyll b
3 Carotenoid pigments xanthophyll and - ”” “ Carotene
They are all NONPOLAR ( covalent bonds with shared pull on electrons)
but vary slightly as to how non polar they are
How are these pigments separated
CHROMATOGRAPHY
How does paper chromatography works
a sample mixteur is spotted onto the end strip of paper. Once tried the tip is dipped into a SOLVENT.
. the solvent gets pull up the paper taking the the pigments with it.
. the parts of the solvent that dissolve into the solvent the best moves up the paper the fastest, those slowly will lag behind
