Chapter 9.2

Question 1

CHROMOSOME

Answer 1

a single molecule of dan and its associated proteins

Question 2

DIPLOID CELLS

Answer 2

. abbreviated 2N

. contains 2 full sets of chromosomes; one set inherited from each parent

Question 3

a diploid human cell contains how many chromosomes

Answer 3

46 arranged in 23 pairs

Question 4

AUTOSOMES

Answer 4

chromosomes that are the same for both sex

Question 5

How many chromosomes in humans are autosomes

Answer 5

22 pairs

Question 6

SEX CHROMOSOMES

Answer 6

determine whether an individual is male or female

Question 7

How many sex chromosomes does a human cell have

Answer 7

1 pair haploid cells

Question 8

KARYOTYPE

Answer 8

a size ordered chart of all the chromosomes in a cell

Question 9

what chromosomes Designates for female

Answer 9

XX =

Question 10

what chromosomes Designates for male

Answer 10

XY

Question 11

HOMOLOGOUS PAIR

Answer 11

describes the 2 matching members( each donated from a parent) of most chromosome pairs.
. they have the same basic structure
. but are not identical
. they share the same size
. the same centromere position
. carry the same sequence of genes ( always in the same order)

Question 12

How do homologs differ

Answer 12

In the combination of ALLELES of the genes they carry

Question 13

ALLELES

Answer 13

they were versions of genes. Each allele of a gene encodes a different version of the same protein

Question 14

How many alleles does a person have per chromosome

Answer 14

a chromosome typically carries exactly one allele of each gene. Inheriting an allele from each parent. Depending on the the parent. the allele s may be identical or different

Question 15

HAPLOID CELLS

Answer 15

have 1 pair of ( haploid cells) of chromosomes 23

. they are not homologous

Question 16

Why are sex not homologous to each other

Answer 16

X chromosome is much larger than Y and its genes are completely different

Question 17

In males the sex as homologs, when

Answer 17

during meiosis

Question 18

What are autosomes and sex chromosomes

Answer 18

Autosomes are chromosomes that are the same regardless of sex, whereas the sex chromosomes determine male and female.

Question 19

What is a karyotype?

Answer 19

A karyotype is a chart that places the homologous chromosomes in size order, matching shape and banding patterns, after halting the cell in metaphase and staining the resulting chromosomes for better visibility.

Question 20

How are the members of a homologous pair similar and different

Answer 20

A homologous pair of chromosomes is composed of two chromosomes that are similar in size, centromere location, and banding pattern. They carry the same sequence of genes (but not necessarily the same alleles) for the same traits. Each member of a homologous pair comes from a different parent.