Cellular Respiration Chapter 6.2

Question 1

Summary of Cellular Respiration

Answer 1

1. It is the chemical reaction that generates ATP
2. An enzyme tacks a phosphate group onto ADP to get ATP
3. This requires an input of energy
4. It harvests potential energy from food molecules and use it to make ATP

Question 2

Like P/S what type of chemical reaction is Respiration

Answer 2

Redox

Question 3

What is being oxidized in CR

Answer 3

Oxidize ( lost an electron) = Glucose

Question 4

What is being Reduced in CR

Answer 4

Reduced ( Gains an electron) = Oxygen

Question 5

How does CR provide the energy stored by ATP

Answer 5

REdox reaction reduces O2( from the oxidized glucose) which has a strong attraction for electrons releases energy which the cells trap in the bonds of ATP

Question 6

Where does ATP gets its energy

Answer 6

From the reduction of O2 ( by the reduction of/ breakdown of , which releases energy and is trap in the bonds of ATP.

The potential energy of glucose is released by the redox reaction and is stored in the chemical bonds of ATP.

Question 7

What type of energy is stored in the bonds of glucose

Answer 7

Potential

Question 8

The release of glucose’s energy is not released all at once. What are the 3 steps of CR

Answer 8

1. Glycosis
2. The Krebs Cycle
3. Electron Transport

Question 9

Glycosis (breaking sugar)

Answer 9

1. the six carbon glucose molecule is split into the two 3 carbon molecules called PYRUVATE.
2. The process harvests energy into 2 forms

Question 10

What are the two forms of energy is harvested from Glycosis

Answer 10

1. Some electrons are transferred to an electron carrier (NADH)
2. it generates 2 molecules of ATP

Question 11

The products of Glycosis

Answer 11

1. 2 molecules of PYURVATE ( 3 carbons)

2. 2 molecules ATP

Question 12

Krebs Cycle

Answer 12

1. Pyruvate is oxidized ( lose an electron)
2. CO2 is released
3. Pyruvate potential energy and electrons are transferred ATP and NADH and FADH2 ( both election carrier proteins) ( facilitated by enzymes.

Question 13

FADH2

Answer 13

Flavin adenine dinucleotide /electron carrier

Question 14

What happens to glucose and its stored energy at the end of the KREBS cycle

Answer 14

1. The carbon atoms that make up glucose are gone, liberated as CO2.
2. The potential energy that once was in the bonds of glucose are now in the electron carriers NADH and FADH2

Question 15

The Electron Transport Chain

Answer 15

transfers energy rich electrons from NADH and FADH2 through a series of Membrane Proteins.

Question 16

The steps of the ETC

Answer 16

1. NADH and FADH bring energy rich electrons(along with protons) to the ETC ( almost all the energy stored in glucose are in NADH/FADH
2. As electrons pass from protein to protein in the ETC ( in the inner membrane), The proteins pump protons into the Inner Membrane Space, creating a proton gradient.
3. The Mitochondrion uses the potential energy stored in the proton gradient to create ATP ( The protons are forced through an enzyme called the ATP Synthase that forms a chanel in the membrane , releasing the protons and using their potential energy to add phosphate to ADP to make ATP
4. The spent electrons are added to O2 ( what is breathed in) along with protons to make water.

4.

Question 17

Products of Glycosis

Answer 17

2 molecules of ATP

Pyruvate

Question 18

Products of Krebs cycle

Answer 18

2 molecules of ATP

CO2

Question 19

Products of ETC

Answer 19

water

ATP