Respiration

Question 1

Parts of breathing system

Answer 1

Nose
Mouth
Trachea
Rings of cartilage
Lung
Bronchus
Brochioli
Alveoli
Rib
Intercostal muscles
Diaphragm

Question 2

AGE

Answer 2

Alveoli
Gas
Exchange

Question 3

Nose function

Answer 3

Filters, moistens and warms air

Question 4

Mouth function

Answer 4

Where air is inhaled

Question 5

Trachea function

Answer 5

Delivers air from mouth to lung

Question 6

Rings of cartilage function

Answer 6

Keeps trachea open

Question 7

Bronchus function

Answer 7

Lead to each lung 🫁

Question 8

Bronchioli function

Answer 8

Connect bronchus to alveoli

Question 9

Alveoli function

Answer 9

Site for gas exchange

Question 10

Epiglottis function

Answer 10

Prevents food or drink from entering trachea

Question 11

Composition of air in lungs: inhaled

Answer 11

O2: 21
CO2: 0.04
N2: 78

Question 12

Composition of air: exhaled

Answer 12

O2: 16
CO2: 4
N2: 78

Question 13

How much oxygen gets used?

Answer 13

5%

Question 14

Nitrogen is an _____ gas

Answer 14

Inert

Question 15

The Breathing Mechanism- Inhaling

Answer 15

1. Intercostal muscles contract and cause ribcage to move UP and OUT
2. Diaphragm muscles contract causing it to move DOWN
3. This enlarges the thorax from top to bottom and as a result, volume of lung INCREASES
4. Air pressure in lungs now decreases, as a result pressure from atmosphere is now greater than inside the lungs so..
5. Air flows into lungs

Question 16

Thorax is

Answer 16

Area from collarbone to ribs

Question 17

Is Inhaling is an active of passive process?

Answer 17

Active as it involves muscle contraction

Question 18

The Breathing Mechanism - Exhaling

Answer 18

1. Intercostal muscles relax and the rib cage moves DOWN and IN
2. Diaphragm relaxes and moves back UP
3. These actions reduce the volume of the thorax and its pressure INCREASES
4. Air is pushed out of the lungs

Question 19

Is Exhaling an active or passive process

Answer 19

Passive as it doesn’t involve muscle contraction

Question 20

What cavity do you find the lungs

Answer 20

Thorax/ chest

Question 21

Role of brain in breathing

Answer 21

Brains 🧠 medulla oblongata sets the basic unconscious breathing rhythm, 12-16 breaths a minute
An increase in the blood CO2 stimulates an increase in frequency and depth of breathing, returning the blood to the normal CO2 level.

Question 22

Gas exchange in the alveoli

Answer 22

Gas exchange is by diffusion between the air and the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries

Question 23

O2/Oxygen is carried…

Answer 23

By haemoglobin in red blood cells

Question 24

CO2/ Carbón dioxide is cherried by

Answer 24

Plasma in blood

Question 25

Adaptive features of alveoli for gas exchange

Answer 25

1. Millions of alveoli 2. Wall is one cell think 3. Huge capillary network surrounding each alveolus/ large blood supply 4. Capillaries are narrow and one cell thick

Question 26

Diffusion definition

Answer 26

The movement of molecules from an area of high conc to an area of low conc

Question 27

Asthma symptoms

Answer 27

Coughing Wheezing Chest tightness Breathlessness

Question 28

Asthma causes

Answer 28

Allergen inflammation reaction narrows the airways, especially in bronchioles Allergens include pet dander, pollen, dust, cigarette smoke

Question 29

Asthma prevention

Answer 29

Clean air Avoidance of allergen

Question 30

Asthma treatment

Answer 30

Inhaled bronchodilators widen the bronchioles Inhaled steroids will reduce inflammation

Question 31

Pharynx is the

Answer 31

Throat

Question 32

Larynx is the

Answer 32

Voice box

Question 33

Draw diagram of alveoli gas exchange

Answer 33

Backwards C shape

Question 34

Basic breathing rhythm

Answer 34

12-16 breaths a minute