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Psych VCE > Research Methods > Flashcards

Research Methods Flashcards

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1
Q

What is random allocation?

A

assigning participants to experimental and control groups randomly to be fair

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2
Q

What is a questionaire?

A

a set of questions designed to collect self report data

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3
Q

What is a research hypothesis?

A

a prediction on how variables will interaction with eachother

a testable theory

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4
Q

What is a variable?

A

a measurable thing than can change in type and quantity

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5
Q

What is a confounding variable?

A

any variable but IV that has an unwanted effect on the DV

makes it hard to determine what variable changed the DV

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6
Q

What is an independent groups design?

A

where participants are randomly allocated to two or more separate conditions

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7
Q

Whats a matched participants design?

A

where participants in each condition match or have similar characteristics to the participants in other conditions

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8
Q

What is an independent variable?

A

a variable manipulated/changed by the researcher

tests the effects on the DV

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9
Q

What is external validity?

A

the extent of how well the results of the experiment can be generalised to the population

population includes sample and outer community

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10
Q

What is convenience sampling?

A

selecting participants who are readily available without attempting to make a sample of greater population

harder to generalise

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11
Q

What is population?

A

the large group from which the sample is selected from

results will be generalised to that particular population

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12
Q

What is sampling?

A

process of selecting participants from population

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13
Q

What is qualitative data?

A

Data about qualities or characteristics of participants experiences of the study

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14
Q

What is a repeated measure design?

A

each participant is in both experiment and control groups

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15
Q

What is an experimental group?

A

participants are being tested/exposed with the IV

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16
Q

What is a representative sample?

A

a sample that approximately is similar to the targeted population

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17
Q

What is generalisation?

A

how widely the results of an experiment can be applied to the targeted population

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18
Q

What is stratified sampling?

A

dividing population into 2 groups, then dividing those groups again to achieve a sample

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19
Q

What is the mean?

A

the mathematic average of all the scores in the results

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20
Q

What is research merit and integrity?

A

refers to research that is worthwhile scientifically and conducted with genuinely for scientific commitment

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21
Q

What is quantitive data?

A

numerical data on the quantity of whats being studied

22
Q

What is internal validity?

A

how accurate the results are because of the variables that were tested

23
Q

What is reliability?

A

how consistent, stable, and dependable the results are

24
Q

What is validity?

A

how well the procedure used to research measured what they wanted to study

25
Q

What is an extraneous variable?

A

any variable other than IV than can change the DV and create unwanted results

26
Q

What is the control group?

A

the group in an experiment not tested on/exposed to IV

used for comparison for experimental group

27
Q

What is the dependant variable?

A

the variable that changes because of the IV

used to measure the effects

28
Q

What is the conclusion?

A

a decision made about the meaning of the results

29
Q

What are measures of variation?

A

a score indicating how widely scores are spread in reference to a central point

30
Q

What is random sampling?

A

giving every member of population an equal chance of being selected as a participant

31
Q

What is operationalising?

A

explaining how to use procedures to measure IV and DV

32
Q

What are standardised instructions?

A

identical instructions are given to participants

33
Q

What is a placebo?

A

in fake substance or treatment designed to make people think they’re getting treated for real

34
Q

What is the experimenter effect?

A

unwanted influence on the results because of the research themselves

35
Q

What are standardized procedures?

A

use the of the same procedures for participants

36
Q

What is counterbalancing?

A

changing the order or treatment/tasks in a balanced way to counter unwanted effects on performance in conditions

37
Q

What is an observational study?

A

collecting data by watching or recording behaviours of participants

subjective measure

38
Q

What is a self report

A

the writing or spoken responses to questions/statements from participants

subjective and can be biased

39
Q

What is an interview?

A

questions asked by a researcher to get self report data

can be structured or semistrcutered, maybe not at all

40
Q

What is naturalistic observation?

A

observing a behaviour in its natural state/environment

41
Q

What are inferential statistics?

A

mathematic procedure to interpret results

42
Q

whats a double blind procedure?

A

when the participants and the researcher involved with them are unaware of the conditions they’ll be experimented on

43
Q

what is a single blind procedure

A

a procedure where participants arent aware of what condition they’re part of and what experimental treatment they’ll have

44
Q

What is standard deviation?

A

describes how far a set of scores are set out or deviate from the mean of those scores

45
Q

What are descriptive statistics?

A

mathematical procedures that analyse, summarise and present results

46
Q

What is the cohort effect?

A

the participants thoughts/feelings/behaviours that attribute to age specific or population wide experiences

47
Q

What is a cross sectional study?

A

the selection and comparison of groups of participants on specific variables?

48
Q

What is the order effect?

A

when participant responses alter the DV because of the specific order the experiment was conducted

49
Q

What is a measure of central tendancy?

A

The central value of all the scores

50
Q

What is a biased sample

A

a sample where certain people were selected so may not represent population as fairly

Psych VCE (40 decks)

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