Observational Learning Flashcards
What is Observational Learning?
a theory than children learn through observing their environment and behaviours of those around them
What are the stages of observational learning that reinforce learning?
Attention
Retention
Reproduction
Motivation
Reinforcement
How does observational learning work?
A learner will observe a ‘model’ do a behaviour
if the behaviour is remembered, the child can reproduce it if capable
after reproducing, they can be internally/externally motivated to keep doing the action
the action can be reinforced which increases likelihood of them repeating and the action is learnt successfully
What does attention do?
You have to actively observe the behaviour to understand what it is
Retention
The learner stores the observation mentally and must remember of the behaviour of the model
Reproduction
The learner needs the physical and mental ability to replicate the behaviour
Motivation (OL)
The learner must desire/want to imitate the behaviour
Reinforcements (OL)
A positive outcome increases the likelihood of the learner repeating the behaviour
Types of motivation in observational learning are…
Intrinsic - performs task bc is personally rewarding to individual
Extrinsic - performing task bc it is avoiding punishment or receiving a reward (outside causes)
Types of reinforcement in observational learning are…
Self-reinforcement (internal process)
External reinforcing (rewards, praise or avoiding punishment)
Vicarious reinforcing (though someone else’s experience)
Albert Bandura (1961)
repeated measures
Why is it beneficial for a model and learner to be similar to eachother?
Because if a model is similar to a learner, they can relate to them more and will be more motivated as a result
