Multi-store Model of Memory Flashcards
What is encoding?
changing a figurative idea into an electrochemical code that is stored in your brain
What is storage?
Allows the memory info to be kept in the brain and accessed later
What is retrieval?
getting the memory back to short term from storage, so it can be used
What is sensory memory?
Environmental input like sound, smell, vision, touch, taste
Brief memory store, majority is ignored to avoid overwhelming
The short-term memory then encodes and stores this input if the person pays attention to it
What is Short term memory?
Short term memory is conscious and we pay attention to the memory we’re using
STM allows us to retain information for enough time to use it (like remembering a phone number to dial it)
Information is then transferred to the long-term memory if it has been encoded and is important enough
Long term memory
contains all info you retain from past events as well your knowledge of facts
All this information has been encoded and stored
LTM memories can be retrieved (access/availability)
what is iconic memory?
A subdivision of sensory mem
images and picture memory (visual)
0.3 second duration
potentially limitless capacity
What is echoic memory?
A subdivision of sensory mem
echoes, sounds, auditory memory (audio)
Duration - 3-4 seconds
Potentially limitless capacity
What is the Atkinson Shiffrin Model of Memory?
Proposed in 1968, and is a structural model
suggested that memory is processed in 3 stores, sensory, short-term and long-term
Memory is passed in a linear way from sensory to long-term
the stores are separate but function together like a computer
Short-Term Memory C.D.R
Capacity- 5-9 pieces of information 7+ / - 2
Duration- 30 seconds
Retention- A memory can be pushed out by a new one (Displacement) or fade away on its own (decay)
Mainly auditory encoding
Long-Term Memory C.D.R
Duration- Relatively permanent
Capacity- Potentially unlimited
Encoding: Mainly Semantic (but can be visual and auditory)
What is maintenance rehearsal
Repeating something aloud or in your head to keep the memory strong so you remember it and increase the likelihood of it being moved to LTM
What is Explicit memory
Subdivision of LTM
needs conscious effort to retrieve memory (declarative mem)
Includes Episodic and Semantic memory subdivisions
Implicit memory
Subdivision of LTM
Memory without awareness - usually remembered effortlessly, no intention to retrieve the memory
Includes Procedural and Classically Conditioned memory
Episodic memory
Explicit subdivision - movie
Personal events and experiences
Includes details like time, place, feelings and occurrence of events
