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Medical Terminology for Health Professionals 8th Ed. > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

sperm are formed within these tubules of each testicle

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2
Q

epididymis

A

coiled tube at the upper part of each testicle

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3
Q

spermatic cord

A

extends upward from the epididymis and is attached to each testicle

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4
Q

spermatogenesis

A

process of sperm formation

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5
Q

glans penis

A

sensitive region at tip of penis

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6
Q

foreskin

A

AKA prepuce

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7
Q

vas deferens

A

long narrow continuations of each epididymis - join the urethra

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8
Q

seminal vesicles

A

glands that secrete a thick yellow substance that nourish the sperm cells

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9
Q

prostate gland

A

secretes a thick, alkaline fluid into semen that aids the motility of sperm

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10
Q

phimosis

A

narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so it can’t be retracted to expose glans penis

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11
Q

Peyronie’s disease

A

form of sexual dysfunction where penis is bent or curved during erection

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12
Q

priapism

A

painful erection lasting 4 or more hours without sexual excitement or stimulation

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13
Q

andropause

A

decrease of testosterone

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14
Q

cryptorchidism

A

developmental defect in which one or both testicles fail to descend to their normal position in the scrotum

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15
Q

anorchism

A

congenital absence of one or both testicles

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16
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord

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17
Q

spermatocele

A

cyst that develops in the epididymis and is filled with a milky fluid containing sperm

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18
Q

varicocele

A

a knot of widening varicose veins in one side of the scrotum

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19
Q

azoospermia

A

absence of sperm in semen

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20
Q

oligospermia

A

low sperm count, lower than 20 million/ml

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21
Q

vasovasostomy

A

vasectomy reversal

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22
Q

chlamydia

A

bacterial STD, most common, highly contagious and needs antibiotics

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23
Q

bacterial vaginosis

A

overgrowth of certain bacteria in vagina

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24
Q

genital herpes

A

cause by herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2 - no cure and highly contagious

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25
Q

gonorrhea

A

caused by bacteria

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26
Q

human immunodeficiency

A

HIV

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27
Q

syphilis

A

caused by bacteria and passed from person to person from a chancre, sore caused by syphilis

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28
Q

trichomoniasis

A

infection caused by parasite

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29
Q

bartholin’s glands

A

produce mucus secretion to lubricate vagina. located on either side of vaginal orifice

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30
Q

follicle

A

fluid filled sac contacting a single ovum - thousands on inside surface of ovaries

31
Q

infundibulum

A

funnel shaped opening into the fallopian tube near the ovary

32
Q

fimbriae

A

fringed, finger-like extensions of the infundibulum and catch the mature ovum when it leaves the ovary

33
Q

anteflexion

A

normal position of uterus, body of uterus is bent forward

34
Q

fundus

A

bulging, rounded part of uterus above entrance of fallopian tubes

35
Q

corpus

A

middle part of uterus

36
Q

cervix

A

lower, narrow part of uterus that extends into the vagina

37
Q

perimetrium

A

thought, membranous outer layer of uterus

38
Q

myometrium

A

muscular middle layer of uterus

39
Q

endometrium

A

inner layer consisting of specialized epithelial mucus membrane that is right in blood vessels

40
Q

corpus luteum

A

the ruptured follicle that released an egg enlarges and talked on a fatty yellow substance-secretes hormone progesterone during second half of menstrual cycle to maintain growth of uterine lining - dies if egg is not fertilized

41
Q

embryo

A

from implantation to 8th week of pregnancy

42
Q

fetus

A

9th week or pregnancy to birth

43
Q

chorion

A

thin outer membrane that enclosed the embryo and contributes to placenta formation

44
Q

placenta

A

temp organ- allows exchange of nutrients, oxygen and waste products between mother and fetus without mixing blood

45
Q

amniotic sac

A

innermost membrane surrounding embryo

46
Q

effacement

A

process by which the cervix softens, shortens and becomes thinner for delivery

47
Q

puerperium

A

time of placenta delivery thru 1st 6 weeks after delivery

48
Q

lochia

A

postpartum vaginal discharge

49
Q

vernix

A

greasy substance that protects fetus in utero and can be present at birth

50
Q

Apgar score

A

done at 1 min and 5 min post birth to evaluate newborn’s physical status

51
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A

any inflammation of the female reproductive organs that is not assoc. with surgery or pregnancy

52
Q

polycystic ovary syndrome

A

condition caused by hormonal imbalance in which the ovaries are enlarged by the presence of many cysts formed by incompletely developed follicles

53
Q

endometriosis

A

patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in pelvic cavity

54
Q

uterine fibroid

A

benign tumor of muscle and fibrous tissue in wall of uterus

55
Q

cervical dysplasia

A

presence of precancerous changes in cells of inner lining of cervix

56
Q

vaginal atrophy

A

decrease in elasticity and lubrication caused by hormonal changes

57
Q

pruritus vulvae

A

sever itching of external female genitalia

58
Q

vulvodynia

A

chronic burning, sydpareuneia, itching or stinging irritation of vulva with unknown cause

59
Q

fibroadenoma

A

round, firm, rubbery mass from excess froth of glandular and connective tissue in breast

60
Q

fibrocystic breast disease

A

benign cysts in breast

61
Q

galactorrhea

A

production of breast milk in woman who is not breastfeeding

62
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of period for 90 days or more

63
Q

dysfunctional uterine bleeding

A

condition with abnormal bleeding often due to an imbalance in hormone level changes

64
Q

hypermenorrhea

A

excessive amount of menstrual flow over 7 days or more

65
Q

hypomenorrhea

A

unusually small amount of menstrual flow during a shortened regular period

66
Q

menometrorrhagia

A

excessive bleeding during usual period and other irregular intervals

67
Q

metrorrhagia

A

spotting

68
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

infrequent or light periods

69
Q

polymenorrhea

A

occurrence of menstrual cycle more frequently than is normal

70
Q

placenta previa

A

abnormal implantation of placenta in lower portion of uterus

71
Q

chorionic villus sampling

A

examination of cells taken from chorionic villi, minute vascular projection on the chorion to genetic abnormalities of fetus

72
Q

pelvimetry

A

radiographic study to measure dimensions of pelvis to evaluate its capacity to allow passage of the fetus thru birth canal

73
Q

conization

A

surgical removal of a cone-shaped specimen of tissue from the cervix for diagnostic purposes or to remove abnormal tissue

Medical Terminology for Health Professionals 8th Ed. (16 decks)

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